Velia M. Fowler

Imaging and Assessment Methods of Phenotyping Osteocyte Networks

Rosa M. Guerra, Mia Nie, X. Lucas Lu, Velia M. Fowler et autres

Osteocytes, the master orchestrators of bone remodeling, form an extensive network of F-actin rich dendrites that enable them to sense external mechanical signals and communicate with other cells, which are essential to maintain bone homeostasis and bone mass. Loss of the osteocyte …

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Loss of cyclase-associated protein 2 alters actin cytoskeleton organization and biomechanical properties of the ocular lens

Sepideh Cheheltani, Megan Coffin, Velia M. Fowler

Cyclase-associated protein 2 (CAP2) is a conserved actin-binding protein that promotes actin filament (F-actin) turnover by disassembling ADF/cofilin-decorated filaments, supporting F-actin remodeling in differentiating cells and tissues. In the ocular lens, the actin cytoskeleton is crucial for maintaining tissue biomechanical properties during …

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Myosin IIA motor regulates attaching-effacing bacteria interactions with intestinal epithelium

Nayden G. Naydenov, Atif Zafar, Susana Lechuga, Ajay H. Zalavadia et autres

Attaching effacing (A/E) bacteria, such as enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) and Citrobacter rodentium colonize intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) by inducing remodeling of the epithelial cytoskeleton and the formation of prominent actin pedestals at bacterial attachment sites. While non-muscle myosin II (NM II) …

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Renaissance at the actin filament pointed end: Mechanisms of assembly, capping and depolymerization

Shashank Shekhar, Velia M. Fowler, Carol C. Gregorio

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Cyclase associated actin cytoskeleton regulatory protein 2 (CAP2) organizes the actin cytoskeleton to influence the biomechanical properties of the ocular lens

Sepideh Cheheltani, Megan Coffin, Velia M. Fowler

Abstract Cyclase-associated actin cytoskeleton regulatory protein 2 (CAP2) is a conserved actin-binding protein that promotes actin filament (F-actin) turnover by disassembling ADF/cofilin-decorated filaments, supporting F-actin remodeling in differentiating cells and tissues. In the ocular lens, the actin cytoskeleton is critical for maintaining …

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Myosin IIA motor regulates attaching-effacing bacteria interactions with intestinal epithelium

Nayden G. Naydenov, Atif Zafar, Susana Lechuga, Armando Marino‐Melendez et autres

Abstract Attaching effacing (A/E) bacteria, such as Enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC) and Citrobacter rodentium , colonize intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) by inducing remodeling of the epithelial cytoskeleton and formation of prominent actin pedestals at bacterial attachment sites. While non-muscle myosin II (NM …

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A novel isoform of tensin-1 promotes actin filament assembly for efficient erythroblast enucleation

Arit Ghosh, Megan Coffin, Sarah Barndt, Vincent Schulz et autres

ABSTRACT: Mammalian red blood cells are generated via a terminal erythroid differentiation pathway culminating in cell polarization and enucleation. Actin filament (F-actin) polymerization is critical for enucleation, but the underlying molecular regulatory mechanisms remain poorly understood. We used publicly available RNA sequencing …

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KLF1 coordinates specialized transcriptional networks required to maintain the integrity of terminal erythropoiesis

Merlin Nithya Gnanapragasam, Peng Jiang, Anita R. Dhara, Mahesh Ramamoorthy et autres

Krüppel-like factor 1 [KLF1; also known as erythroid Krüppel-like factor (EKLF)] is a C2H2 zinc finger transcription factor that plays a crucial role in all aspects of erythropoiesis. Mutations in KLF1 lead to diverse phenotypes ranging from mild to severe anemias. Individuals …

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Nonmuscle myosin IIA (NMIIA) regulates anisotropic cell tension to maintain the hexagonal packing of mouse lens meridional row cells

Sadia T. Islam, Y. W. Tang, Heather Boliver, Dapeng Bi et autres

The mouse ocular lens is an excellent vertebrate model for epithelial cell hexagonal packing during tissue morphogenesis. As lens epithelial cells differentiate into fiber cells, the epithelial cells rearrange into hexagonally packed meridional row (MR) cells that further differentiate to form fiber …

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Comparative analysis of rodent lens morphometrics and biomechanical properties

Sepideh Cheheltani, Sadia T. Islam, Heather Malino, Kalekidan Abera et autres

Introduction: Proper ocular lens function requires biomechanical flexibility, which is reduced during aging. As increasing lens size has been shown to correlate with lens biomechanical stiffness in aging, we tested the hypothesis that whole lens size determines gross biomechanical stiffness by comparing …

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Actin Filament Pointed Ends: Assays for Regulation of Assembly and Disassembly by Tropomodulin and Tropomyosin

Sawako Yamashiro, Shashank Shekhar, Stefanie Mares Novak, Satyen Biswas et autres

Actin filaments are dynamic polymers whose length depends on regulated monomer association and dissociation at their ends. Actin barbed-end dynamics are relatively better understood, primarily due to the approximately tenfold faster subunit on/off rates at barbed versus pointed ends. We present experimental …

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Depth and Strain-Dependent Structural Responses of Mouse Lens Fiber Cells During Whole Lens Shape Changes

Sepideh Cheheltani, Mahbubul H. Shihan, Justin Parreno, Sondip Kumar Biswas et autres

Purpose: To study the relationship between whole lens shape changes and fiber cell responses to externally applied loads. Methods: Freshly dissected mouse lenses were compressed by applying glass coverslips to the lens anterior, followed by fixation to preserve lens shape, and preparation …

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