Christian Witt

Sexually dimorphic effects of mutations in ccRCC driver genes in renal proximal tubule cells

Antonella Catalano, Constanze Kainz, Katharina Moos, Stefan Jaeger et autres

ABSTRACT Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) arises more frequently in men than in women, but it remains unclear why this is the case. Mouse models that mimic the truncal mutation of the two most commonly affected tumor suppressor genes in human …

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Evaluation of cryogenic model libraries for FDSOI CMOS transistors

Phanish Chava, Heidrun Alius, Alfonso R. Cabrera-Galicia, C. Degenhardt et autres

Scalable quantum computers demand innovative solutions to tackle the wiring bottleneck and control an increasing number of qubits. Cryogenic electronics based on CMOS technologies are promising candidates which can operate down to deep-cryogenic temperatures and act as a communication and control interface …

h1: Bootstrapping LLMs to Reason over Longer Horizons via Reinforcement Learning

Sumeet Motwani, A. V. Ivanova, Philip H. S. Torr, Riashat Islam et autres

Large language models excel at short-horizon reasoning tasks, but performance drops as reasoning horizon lengths increase. Existing approaches to combat this rely on inference-time scaffolding or costly step-level supervision, neither of which scales easily. In this work, we introduce a scalable method …

Cryogenic Performance Assessment of FD-SOI Transistors with Counter-Doped Channel

Phanish Chava, Heidrun Alius, Thomas Gneiting, Thomas Heide et autres

We investigate the cryogenic performance of Fully Depleted Silicon-on-Insulator (FD-SOI) transistors, focusing on devices featuring counter-doped channels. We explore counterdoping as a potential strategy to mitigate the increased threshold voltage at cryogenic temperatures, aiming to reduce power consumption. We extract key performance …

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Advanced Personal Particulate Matter 2.5 and Nitric Oxide Exposure Assessment for Patients With Asthma and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in an Urban Air Pollution Hotspot in Stuttgart, Germany, Using Innovative Air Quality Sensors

Christian Witt, Uta Liebers, Miriam Chacón-Mateos, Frank Heimann et autres

Abstract RATIONALE: Recent advancements in sensor technology for air pollution monitoring present further opportunities in order to bridge the data gap between exposure and respiratory health, especially in urban/industrial air pollution hot spots. Therefore, this pilot study evaluates the feasibility of using …

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A multi-omics and cell type-specific characterization of the ventral striatum in human cocaine use disorder

Eric Zillich, Annasara Artioli, A.C. Rossetti, Diana Avetyan et autres

Epigenome, transcriptome, and proteome analyses of postmortem brains have revealed initial molecular insights into cocaine use disorder (CUD). However, the inter-relationship between these omics and the contribution of individual cell types remains largely unknown. We present an in-depth analysis of molecular changes …

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PSyDUCK: Training-Free Steganography for Latent Diffusion

Aqib Mahfuz, Georgia Channing, Mark van der Wilk, Philip H. S. Torr et autres

Recent advances in generative AI have opened promising avenues for steganography, which can securely protect sensitive information for individuals operating in hostile environments, such as journalists, activists, and whistleblowers. However, existing methods for generative steganography have significant limitations, particularly in scalability and …

Imaging of the ascending aorta by transthoracic echocardiography: would adding medial sliding with clockwise rotation of the transducer to the recommended aortic view increases the visualized segment

Heba Farouk, Karim El Chilali, Daniela Schoene, Christian Witt et autres

Abstract Background Assessment of the ascending aorta beyond the sinotubular junction using transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) is challenging. It is recommended to move the transducer to upper intercostal spaces from the left parasternal long-axis view (PLAX) to get a better visualization of the …

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MALT: Improving Reasoning with Multi-Agent LLM Training

Sumeet Ramesh Motwani, C.E. Smith, Rocktim Jyoti Das, Ivan Laptev et autres

Large Language Models (LLMs) often produce answers with a single chain-of-thought, which restricts their ability to explore reasoning paths or self-correct flawed outputs in complex tasks. In this paper, we introduce MALT (Multi-Agent LLM Training), a novel post-training strategy that divides the …

A multi-omics and cell type-specific characterization of the ventral striatum in human cocaine use disorder

Eric Zillich, Annasara Artioli, A.C. Rossetti, Diana Avetyan et autres

Abstract Epigenome, transcriptome, and proteome analyses of postmortem brains have revealed initial molecular insights into cocaine use disorder (CUD). However, the inter-relationship between these –omics and the contribution of individual cell types remain largely unknown. We present an in-depth analysis of molecular …

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Toward Robust Real-World Audio Deepfake Detection: Closing the Explainability Gap

Georgia Channing, Juil Sock, Ronald H. Clark, Philip H. S. Torr et autres

The rapid proliferation of AI-manipulated or generated audio deepfakes poses serious challenges to media integrity and election security. Current AI-driven detection solutions lack explainability and underperform in real-world settings. In this paper, we introduce novel explainability methods for state-of-the-art transformer-based audio deepfake …

Cryogenic L-UTSOI model for 22nm pMOS FD-SOI, including stress effects

Miltiadis Alepidis, Sylvie Jarjayes, Thomas Bédécarrats, Sébastien Martinie et autres

In this paper, we explore the effect of mechanical stress on the electrical parameters, for the first time at cryogenic temperatures, using L-UTSOI 102.7 compact model. We update the model to ensure robustness and precision down to cryogenic temperatures and then we …

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