Laura N. Borodinsky

Vesicular Glutamate Release Is Necessary for Neural Tube Formation

Raman Goyal, Patricio A. Castro, Jacqueline B. Levin, Sangwoo Shim et autres

The brain and spinal cord originate from a neural tube that is preceded by a flat structure known as the neural plate during early embryogenesis. In humans, failure of the neural plate to convert into a tube by the fourth week of …

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Vesicular glutamate release is necessary for neural tube formation

Raman Goyal, Patricio A. Castro, Jacqueline B. Levin, Sangwoo Shim et autres

Abstract The brain and spinal cord originate from a neural tube that is preceded by a flat structure known as the neural plate during early embryogenesis. In humans, failure of the neural plate to convert into a tube by the fourth week …

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Postsynaptic receptors regulate presynaptic transmitter stability through transsynaptic bridges

Swetha K. Godavarthi, Masaki Hiramoto, Yuri Ignatyev, Jacqueline B. Levin et autres

Stable matching of neurotransmitters with their receptors is fundamental to synapse function and reliable communication in neural circuits. Presynaptic neurotransmitters regulate the stabilization of postsynaptic transmitter receptors. Whether postsynaptic receptors regulate stabilization of presynaptic transmitters has received less attention. Here, we show …

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Noncanonical function of folate through folate receptor 1 during neural tube formation

Olga A. Balashova, Alexios A. Panoutsopoulos, Olesya Visina, Jacob Selhub et autres

Abstract Folate supplementation reduces the occurrence of neural tube defects (NTDs), birth defects consisting in the failure of the neural tube to form and close. The mechanisms underlying NTDs and their prevention by folate remain unclear. Here we show that folate receptor …

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Cover Image, Volume 71, Issue 12

Vanessa L. Hull, Yan Wang, Travis T. Burns, Sarah Sternbach et autres

Cover Illustration: Glia of the murine cerebellum at postnatal day 15. Myelin basic protein (green) marks oligodendroglial sheaths, GFAP (red) marks Bergmann glia processes in the molecular layer and astrocytes throughout, and DAPI (blue) marks nuclei. (See Hull, VL, et al. https://doi.org/10.1002/glia.24454)

Pathological Bergmann glia alterations and disrupted calcium dynamics in ataxic Canavan disease mice

Vanessa L. Hull, Yan Wang, Travis T. Burns, Sarah Sternbach et autres

Abstract Canavan disease (CD) is a recessively inherited pediatric leukodystrophy resulting from inactivating mutations to the oligodendroglial enzyme aspartoacylase (ASPA). ASPA is responsible for hydrolyzing the amino acid derivative N ‐acetyl‐L‐aspartate (NAA), and without it, brain NAA concentrations increase by 50% or …

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Non-canonical function of folate/folate receptor 1 during neural tube formation

Olga A. Balashova, Alexios A. Panoutsopoulos, Olesya Visina, Jacob Selhub et autres

Abstract Folate supplementation reduces the occurrence of neural tube defects, one of the most common and serious birth defects, consisting in the failure of the neural tube to form and close early in pregnancy. The mechanisms underlying neural tube defects and folate …

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Calcium dynamics at the neural cell primary cilium regulate Hedgehog signaling–dependent neurogenesis in the embryonic neural tube

Sangwoo Shim, Raman Goyal, Alexios A. Panoutsopoulos, Olga A. Balashova et autres

The balance between neural stem cell proliferation and neuronal differentiation is paramount for the appropriate development of the nervous system. Sonic hedgehog (Shh) is known to sequentially promote cell proliferation and specification of neuronal phenotypes, but the signaling mechanisms responsible for the …

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Postsynaptic receptors regulate presynaptic transmitter stability through trans-synaptic bridges

Swetha K. Godavarthi, Masaki Hiramoto, Yuri Ignatyev, Jacqueline B. Levin et autres

Abstract Stable matching of neurotransmitters with their receptors is fundamental to synapse function, to achieve reliable and robust communication in neural circuits. Presynaptic neurotransmitters regulate selection of postsynaptic transmitter receptors. However, whether postsynaptic receptors regulate selection of presynaptic transmitters is unknown. Here …

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Injury-induced Erk1/2 signaling tissue-specifically interacts with Ca2+ activity and is necessary for regeneration of spinal cord and skeletal muscle

Jacqueline B. Levin, Laura N. Borodinsky

The transition of stem cells from quiescence to proliferation enables tissues to self-repair. The signaling mechanisms driving these stem-cell-status decisions are still unclear. Ca2+ and the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (Erk1/2) are two signaling pathways that have the potential to coordinate multiple signals …

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Injury-induced Erk1/2 signaling enhances Ca 2+ activity and is necessary for regeneration of spinal cord and skeletal muscle

Jacqueline B. Levin, Laura N. Borodinsky

ABSTRACT The transition of stem cells from quiescence to proliferation enables tissues to self-repair. The signaling mechanisms driving these stem-cell-status decisions are still unclear. Ca 2+ and the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (Erk1/2) are two signaling pathways that have the potential to coordinate …

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Non-canonical Hedgehog signaling regulates spinal cord and muscle regeneration in Xenopus laevis larvae

Andrew M. Hamilton, Olga A. Balashova, Laura N. Borodinsky

Inducing regeneration in injured spinal cord represents one of modern medicine’s greatest challenges. Research from a variety of model organisms indicates that Hedgehog (Hh) signaling may be a useful target to drive regeneration. However, the mechanisms of Hh signaling-mediated tissue regeneration remain …

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