Michael Lässig

Enzyme kinetics shapes the growth response of metabolic networks

Leon Seeger, Fernanda Pinheiro, Michael Lässig

Microbes adjust their metabolism to environmental challenges by changing protein expression levels, metabolite concentrations, and reaction rates. Average expression levels in large proteome sectors change coherently, while individual proteins show divergent shifts even within the same pathway. Here, we establish a metabolic …

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Adaptive Ratchets and the Evolution of Molecular Complexity

Tom Röschinger, Roberto Morán-Tovar, Simone Pompei, Michael Lässig

Biological systems have evolved to amazingly complex states, yet we do not understand in general how evolution operates to generate increasing genetic and functional complexity. Molecular recognition sites are short genome segments or peptides that can bind a cognate recognition target of …

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Detection of pre-existing humoral immunity against influenza virus H5N1 clade 2.3.4.4b in unexposed individuals

Katharina Daniel, Leon Ullrich, Denis Ruchnewitz, Matthijs Meijers et autres

Abstract The spill-over of Influenza A virus H5N1 clade 2.3.4.4b from cattle to humans highlights the risk of a human H5N1 pandemic. Given the impact of pre-existing immunity on the course and severity of viral infections, we comprehensively assessed the humoral immunity …

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Concepts and Methods for Predicting Viral Evolution

Matthijs Meijers, Denis Ruchnewitz, Jan Eberhardt, Malancha Karmakar et autres

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Energy landscapes of peptide-MHC binding

Laura Collesano, Marta Łuksza, Michael Lässig

Molecules of the Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) present short protein fragments on the cell surface, an important step in T cell immune recognition. MHC-I molecules process peptides from intracellular proteins; MHC-II molecules act in antigen-presenting cells and present peptides derived from extracellular …

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Nonequilibrium Antigen Recognition during Infections and Vaccinations

Roberto Morán-Tovar, Michael Lässig

The initial immune response to an acute primary infection is a coupled process of antigen proliferation, molecular recognition by naive B cells, and their subsequent clonal expansion. This process contains a fundamental problem: the recognition of an exponentially time-dependent antigen signal. Here, …

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Resource allocation in biochemically structured metabolic networks

Leon Seeger, Fernanda Pinheiro, Michael Lässig

Abstract Microbes tune their metabolism to environmental challenges by changing protein expression levels, metabolite concentrations, and reaction rates simultaneously. Here, we establish an analytical model for microbial resource allocation that integrates enzyme biochemistry and the global architecture of metabolic networks. We describe …

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Energy landscapes of peptide-MHC binding

Laura Collesano, Marta Łuksza, Michael Lässig

Abstract Molecules of the Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) present short protein fragments peptides on the cell surface, an important step in T cell immune recognition. MHC-I molecules process peptides from intracellular proteins; MHC-II molecules act in antigen-presenting cells and present peptides derived …

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Concepts and methods for predicting viral evolution

Matthijs Meijers, Denis Ruchnewitz, Jan Eberhardt, Malancha Karmakar et autres

The seasonal human influenza virus undergoes rapid evolution, leading to significant changes in circulating viral strains from year to year. These changes are typically driven by adaptive mutations, particularly in the antigenic epitopes, the regions of the viral surface protein haemagglutinin targeted …

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Concepts and methods for predicting viral evolution

Matthijs Meijers, Denis Ruchnewitz, Jan Eberhardt, Malancha Karmakar et autres

The seasonal human influenza virus undergoes rapid evolution, leading to significant changes in circulating viral strains from year to year. These changes are typically driven by adaptive mutations, particularly in the antigenic epitopes, the regions of the viral surface protein haemagglutinin targeted …

Population immunity predicts evolutionary trajectories of SARS-CoV-2

Matthijs Meijers, Denis Ruchnewitz, Jan Eberhardt, Marta Łuksza et autres

The large-scale evolution of the SARS-CoV-2 virus has been marked by rapid turnover of genetic clades. New variants show intrinsic changes, notably increased transmissibility, and antigenic changes that reduce cross-immunity induced by previous infections or vaccinations. How this functional variation shapes global …

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Steering and controlling evolution — from bioengineering to fighting pathogens

Michael Lässig, Ville Mustonen, Armita Nourmohammad

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