Paul Cleary

Convection due to horizontal shaking

Kurt Liffman, Guy Metcalfe, Paul Cleary

We use a discrete element code to vibrate a monodisperse particle bed in the horizontal direction. We obtain a convective surface layer extending into the particle bed some 10 particle diameters from the surface. This surface convective motion can give rise to …

Retrospective case–case study investigation of a significant increase in Cryptosporidium spp. in England and Wales, August to September 2023

Sarah Williams, Thomas Inns, Christopher Roberts, Joshua T. Matizanadzo et autres

Background Laboratory surveillance detected an unprecedented increase in Cryptosporidium spp. (predominantly Cryptosporidium hominis) in England and Wales in August 2023. Cases are not routinely followed up in all of England and Wales, and initial investigations identified no common exposures. Aim To perform …

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Genomic epidemiology and longitudinal sampling of ward wastewater environments and patients reveals complexity of the transmission dynamics of bla KPC-carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales in a hospital setting

Nicole Stoesser, Ryan George, Zoie Aiken, Hang Phan et autres

Abstract Background Healthcare-associated wastewater and asymptomatic patient reservoirs colonized by carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales (CPE) contribute to nosocomial CPE dissemination, but the characteristics and dynamics of this remain unclear. Methods We systematically sampled wastewater sites (n = 4488 samples; 349 sites) and patients (n …

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A self-controlled case series study to measure the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection associated with attendance at sporting and cultural events: the UK Events Research Programme events

Ian Douglas, Jerlyn Peh, Kathryn E. Mansfield, Anna Trelfa et autres

BACKGROUND: In 2021, whilst societies were emerging from major social restrictions during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, the UK government instigated an Events Research Programme to examine the risk of COVID-19 transmission from attendance at cultural events and explore ways to enable people to …

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Mortality Associated with Priority Diseases in Flood-Affected Areas Using District Health Information System (DHIS2) During September–December 2022: Pakistan Experience

Nadia Nisar, Zeeshan Iqbal, Muhammad Sartaaj, Aamer Ikram et autres

OBJECTIVES: To quantify the burden of communicable diseases and characterize the most reported infections during public health emergency of floods in Pakistan. METHODS: The study's design is a descriptive trend analysis. The study utilized the disease data reported to District Health Information …

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Estimated incubation period distributions of mpox using cases from two international European festivals and outbreaks in a club in Berlin, May to June 2022

Sarah McFarland, Ulrich Marcus, Lukas Hemmers, Fuminari Miura et autres

BackgroundSince May 2022, an mpox outbreak affecting primarily men who have sex with men (MSM) has occurred in numerous non-endemic countries worldwide. As MSM frequently reported multiple sexual encounters in this outbreak, reliably determining the time of infection is difficult; consequently, estimation …

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Enhancing epidemiological surveillance of the emergence of the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant using spike gene target failure data, England, 15 November to 31 December 2021

Paula Blomquist, Jessica R. E. Bridgen, Neil Bray, Anne Marie O’Connell et autres

When SARS-CoV-2 Omicron emerged in 2021, S gene target failure enabled differentiation between Omicron and the dominant Delta variant. In England, where S gene target surveillance (SGTS) was already established, this led to rapid identification (within ca 3 days of sample collection) …

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From discrete element simulation data to process insights

Daniël N. Wilke, Paul Cleary, N. Govender

Industrial-scale discrete element simulations typically generate Gigabytes of data per time step, which implies that even opening a single file may require 5 - 15 minutes on conventional magnetic storage devices. Data science’s inherent multi-disciplinary nature makes the extraction of useful information …

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Factors associated with influenza-like illness in care homes in Cheshire and Merseyside during the 2017–2018 influenza season

N.F. Halloran, Anthony Harries, Sam Ghebrehewet, Paul Cleary

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Overrepresentation of South Asian ethnic groups among cases of influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 during the first phase of the 2009 pandemic in England

Suzan C. M. Trienekens, Wendi Shepherd, Richard Pebody, Punam Mangtani et autres

BACKGROUND: During the first wave of the influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 pandemic in England in 2009, morbidity and mortality were higher in patients of South Asian (Indian, Pakistani or Bangladeshi) ethnic minority groups. OBJECTIVES: This study aims to provide insights in the representation of …

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Genomic Epidemiology of Complex, Multispecies, Plasmid-Borne bla KPC Carbapenemase in Enterobacterales in the United Kingdom from 2009 to 2014

Nicole Stoesser, Hang Phan, Anna C. Seale, Stephanie Thomas et autres

Carbapenem resistance in Enterobacterales is a public health threat. Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase (encoded by alleles of the bla KPC family) is one of the most common transmissible carbapenem resistance mechanisms worldwide. The dissemination of bla KPC historically has been associated with distinct …

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Routine laboratory surveillance of antimicrobial resistance in community-acquired urinary tract infections adequately informs prescribing policy in England

Vicky Watts, Benjamin Brown, Maria Zahid Ahmed, André Charlett et autres

Abstract Objectives To assess whether resistance estimates obtained from sentinel surveillance for antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in community-acquired urinary tract infections (UTIs) differ from routinely collected laboratory community UTI data. Methods All patients aged ≥18 years presenting to four sentinel general practices with …

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