Adam Johnston

The effects of drought on Sphagnum moss species and the implications for peatland carbon cycling in a changing climate

Ben Keane, Gareth D. Clay, Nina Overtoom, Jonathan P. Ritson et autres

Peatlands store more carbon (C) than any other terrestrial ecosystem and as a C sink they are vital to mitigating climate change. The keystone of many peatland ecosystems is Sphagnum, a bryophyte genus of ca. 350 species found on every continent except …

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The Sponge Analogy Problem: Moving Towards Clearer Communication of Peatland Hydrological Processes

Kirsten J. Lees, Colin P. R. McCarter, Jonathan P. Ritson, James Michael Waddington et autres

ABSTRACT Peatlands are important habitats that provide a range of ecosystem services, one of which is hydrological regulation. Depending on landscape position, healthy peatlands can reduce flood risk and provide resilience to drought, while degraded peatlands can exacerbate these hydrological disturbances. There …

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The effects of drought on Sphagnum moss species and the implications for hydrology in peatlands

Ben Keane, Danielle M. Alderson, Gareth D. Clay, Martin Evans et autres

Summary Peatlands store more carbon (C) than any other terrestrial ecosystem and as a C sink they are vital to mitigating climate change. The keystone of many peatland ecosystems is Sphagnum , a bryophyte genus of c . 350 species found on …

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Recovery of Sphagnum from drought is controlled by species-specific moisture thresholds

Ben Keane, Emma Shuttleworth, Martin Evans, Jonathan P. Ritson et autres

Abstract As the largest terrestrial carbon (C) store, peatlands are vital to meeting climate targets. Sphagnum, a genus of ca. 350 species, sustains many peatlands through its high water content and chemistry which inhibits decomposition and vascular plant proliferation. However, many peatlands …

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Large cobblestone dams for natural flood management in wide peatland gullies

Adam Johnston, David Brown, Tim Allott, Salim Goudarzi et autres

Peatland restoration is increasingly used for natural flood management (NFM). In the restoration of heavily degraded blanket peatland sites, erosional gully blocking is used to capture sediment and rewet peat in smaller peat gullies. There is limited prospect for restoration of wider …

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Understanding the potential for disturbance-induced contaminant release from degraded peatlands: a global review of heavy metals in peatlands

Emma Shuttleworth, Adam Johnston, Gareth D. Clay, Thomas Mair et autres

Human industry has contaminated peatlands through the atmospheric deposition of pollutants released by industrial processes over many centuries. Relative to other ecosystems, peatlands sequester a far greater proportion of toxic metals than their areal extent. This is especially true in industry-impacted landscapes, …

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The resilience and recovery of two globally important Sphagnum species to drought

Ben Keane, Gareth D. Clay, Emma Shuttleworth, Martin Evans et autres

Sphagnum mosses are key to peatland functioning and C cycling. They may cover 80- 100% of peatland land area and make up the vast majority of the peat itself. Sphagnum chemistry slows decomposition, enabling organic material accumulation which forms peat; it holds …

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Large Cobblestone Dams for Natural Flood Management in Wide Peatland Gullies

Adam Johnston, David Brown, Tim Allott, Salim Goudarzi et autres

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Natural Flood Management Through Peatland Restoration: Catchment‐Scale Modeling of Past and Future Scenarios in Glossop, UK

Salim Goudarzi, David Graham Milledge, Joseph Holden, Martin Evans et autres

Abstract Field‐scale experiments have shown the Natural Flood Management (NFM) potential of peatland restoration. The likelihoods of effectiveness are yet unknown at scales and storms large enough to impact human lives. Using GMD‐TOPMODEL, we upscale a rare Before‐After‐Control‐Intervention empirical data set to …

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Peatland gully restoration with stone and timber dams (Kinder Plateau, UK)

Tim Howson, Martin Evans, Tim Allott, Emma Shuttleworth et autres

Blanket peat erosion is widespread in the British Isles. Eroded gullies have formed largely from the action of running water, with anthropogenic influences thought to have initiated and accelerated erosion. Currently, many blanket peatlands are undergoing restoration using aerial applications of lime, …

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Comparing the NFM potential of standard and optimised peat blocks used in peatland gully restoration

Adam Johnston, Emma Shuttleworth, Tim Allott, Martin Evans et autres

Extensive erosional gully networks are commonplace in degrading peatlands. Gullying produces local water table drawdown and the increase in drainage density associated with gully networks increases hydrological connectivity between hillslope and channel. Peatland restoration methods commonly involve blocking of gullies with peat …

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A ten-year trajectory of change in a restored blanket peatland: implications for natural flood management

Emma Shuttleworth, Martin Evans, Tim Allott, Martin Kay et autres

The UK supports 15% of the world’s blanket peat cover but much of this vital resource is significantly degraded. In damaged peatlands runoff is quickly evacuated from hillslopes across bare peat surfaces and through erosional gullies, exacerbating downstream flooding. The restoration of …

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