High-Speed and High-Brightness 850 and 1060 nm VCSEL Arrays for Free-space Optical Communication

Le résumé fourni par la source

Vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL) arrays featuring high-speed and exceptional brightness are critical for minimizing diffraction loss on the receiver side of optical wireless communication (OWC) channels, especially in 6G and satellite communications. Compared with their edge emitting counterpart, such as DFB lasers, VCSELs typically offer stronger radiation hardness. However, the traditional high-power, high-brightness, and (quasi-) single-mode (SM) VCSELs frequently experience pronounced relative intensity noise (RIN) and spatial hole burning effects, both of which limit their effectiveness for high-speed data transmission. This paper demonstrates Zn-diffusion VCSEL arrays with a novel ring shaped aperture and a compact dual-pad layout at both 850 and 1060 nm wavelengths, fundamentally resolving the trade-offs among the SM output power, brightness, RIN, and modulation speed. Compared to the traditional 7 7 VCSEL arrays employing circular Zn-diffusion apertures at the 850 nm wavelength, the new ring-shaped aperture exhibits higher (quasi-) SM output power (160 vs. 145 mW), higher brightness (73 and 66 KWcm-2sr-1), and a wider 3-dB E-O bandwidth (22 vs. 17 GHz). Clear and error-free 32 Gbit/sec eye-opening over free-space transmission can be measured. The remarkable static/dynamic performance of our array can be attributed to the suppression of spatial hole burning effect in the ring-shaped aperture. Moreover, the application of a similar device structure and dual-pad layout to 1060 nm VCSELs results in comparable high-power, high-brightness, and high-speed error-free 26 Gbit/sec free space transmission performance.

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