Christy S. Niemeyer

Circulating Exosomes Drive Persistent Neuronal Dysfunction in Post‐Herpetic Neuralgia Patients

Christy S. Niemeyer, Seth Frietze, Serena W. R. Lewis, Emily C. Artman et autres

OBJECTIVE: Post-herpetic neuralgia (PHN) is a debilitating chronic pain condition persisting beyond 3 months after herpes zoster (HZ), yet the mechanisms driving the transition from acute viral injury to chronic neuropathic pain remain poorly characterized. We tested whether circulating exosomes are sufficient …

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HSV-1 and VZV co-reactivation: implications for worsening neurological and neurodegenerative diseases

Christy S. Niemeyer, Maria A. Nagel, Diego Restrepo, Andrew N. Bubak

Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) and varicella zoster virus (VZV) are neurotropic human alphaherpesviruses that establish lifelong latency in peripheral ganglia. While traditionally studied in isolation, increasing evidence indicates that co-reactivation of these viruses may be clinically significant, especially in the …

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HSV-1 reactivation as an emergent property of neuronal stress: implications for traumatic brain injury

Alyson R. Stewart, Amalia Bustillos Saucedo, Lindsey L. Beauregard, Christopher D. Link et autres

Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) establishes lifelong latency in neurons, with reactivation driven by multiple molecular, cellular, and systemic stressors. While several individual mechanisms of reactivation have been well characterized, there are potentially other unresolved vulnerabilities that drive HSV-1 reactivation. Traumatic …

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ApoE Lipidation State Directs Immunometabolic Reprogramming of Human Microglia

Tsion G. Shiferaw, Snigdha Sarkar, Katelyn M. Baker, Rowan S. Wooldridge et autres

Introduction: ApoE4 is the strongest genetic risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD). Emerging evidence suggests that ApoE4 increases AD risk by disrupting microglial metabolism and function. However, whether ApoE lipidation state contributes to microglial dysfunction remains poorly understood. Methods: Human microglia were …

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Intranasal HSV-1 Infection Drives Region-Specific Interferon-Dominant Microglial Remodeling

Seth E. Frietze, Cameron Lunn, Dean Oldham, Joseph R. Boyd et autres

Abstract Background and Objectives Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) is a neurotropic pathogen capable of invading the central nervous system (CNS) and increasingly associated with chronic neuroinflammation, cognitive impairment, and neurodegenerative disease. While microglia orchestrate the initial immune response to HSV-1, …

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Combined haptoglobin and hemopexin therapy for the treatment of cardiopulmonary dysfunction in sickle cell disease

Christina Lisk, Delaney C. Swindle, Francesca Isabelle Cendali, Saini Setua et autres

Hemolysis and the downstream consequences of cell-free hemoglobin (Hb) and heme contribute to the development of sickle cell disease pulmonary hypertension (SCD-PH). The plasma concentrations of Hb and heme scavenger proteins haptoglobin (Hp) and hemopexin (Hpx) in sickle cell patients are observed …

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Simian varicella virus infection in rhesus macaques is associated with amyloid deposition in multiple organs and arteries and production of an amyloidogenic state

Ravi Mahalingam, Andrew N. Bubak, Amalia Bustillos, Brittany Feia et autres

Abstract Background Varicella zoster virus (VZV) is latent in ganglionic neurons in >90% of the world population and reactivates to produce herpes zoster in older adults. Zoster increases dementia risk, of which Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common. However, a critical …

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Mechanisms by which varicella zoster virus contributes to Alzheimer’s disease pathologies

Maria A. Nagel, Andrew N. Bubak, Niklaus H. Mueller, Christy S. Niemeyer et autres

Abstract Background Varicella zoster virus (VZV) reactivation, manifesting as herpes zoster, increases dementia risk. Herein, we review the literature supporting the biological plausibility of VZV contributing to AD pathologies and examine the unique ability of VZV to induce amylin that has been …

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Olfactory and trigeminal routes of HSV-1 CNS infection with regional microglial heterogeneity

Christy S. Niemeyer, Laëtitia Merle, Andrew N. Bubak, B. Dnate’ Baxter et autres

Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) primarily targets the oral and nasal epithelia before establishing latency in the trigeminal ganglion (TG) and other peripheral ganglia. HSV-1 can also infect and become latent in the central nervous system (CNS) independent of latency in …

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Olfactory and Trigeminal Routes of HSV-1 CNS Infection with Regional Microglial Heterogeneity

Christy S. Niemeyer, Laëtitia Merle, Andrew N. Bubak, B. Dnate’ Baxter et autres

Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) primarily targets the oral and nasal epithelia before establishing latency in the trigeminal and other peripheral ganglia (TG). HSV-1 can also infect and go latent in the central nervous system (CNS) independent of latency in the …

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Suppression of the host antiviral response by non-infectious varicella zoster virus extracellular vesicles

Christy S. Niemeyer, Seth E. Frietze, Christina M. Coughlan, Serena W. R. Lewis et autres

ABSTRACT Varicella zoster virus (VZV) reactivates from ganglionic sensory neurons to produce herpes zoster (shingles) in a unilateral dermatomal distribution, typically in the thoracic region. Reactivation not only heightens the risk of stroke and other neurological complications but also increases susceptibility to …

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Simian varicella virus infection and reactivation in rhesus macaques trigger cytokine and Aβ40/42 alterations in serum and cerebrospinal fluid

Christy S. Niemeyer, Vicki Traina‐Dorge, Lara A. Doyle‐Meyers, Arpita Das et autres

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