Robert M. Brownstone

Spinal circuits encode a map of the trunk to control skin twitches

Rémi Ronzano, Ka Yee Chan, Manon Papadiamandis, Ugo Momi et autres

Reflexive skin twitches are stereotypical behaviours, triggered in most mammals by mechanosensory stimuli. The neural circuits controlling this behaviour are thought to lie in the spinal cord, with motor neurons positioned in the lower cervical spinal cord innervating the cutaneous maximus muscle …

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Naturalistic climbing reveals adaptive strategies for interlimb coordination in freely moving mice

Christopher J. Black, Marco Beato, Liam E. Browne, Robert M. Brownstone et autres

Multi-limb coordination is vital for mammalian locomotion. While coordination requires reliable organization of limb movements, it also requires flexibility to adapt to environmental demands. In natural settings, animals must navigate diverse terrains that impose unique challenges. Climbing, for example, introduces constraints due …

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In vivo motor unit decoding and in vitro cellular characterisation of spinal circuits for urination in adult mice

M Gorkem Ozyurt, Fábio A. Nascimento, Alejandro Pascual-Valdunciel, Kim Dhillon et autres

Urinary dysfunction affects billions of individuals worldwide; however, the fundamental cellular and circuit properties that govern perineal motor control remain largely unknown, serving as a functional "black box". Here, we describe several methods that, when used in concert, characterise cellular, synaptic, and …

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Personalized mapping of inhibitory spinal cord circuits in humans via noninvasive neural decoding and in silico modeling

Alejandro Pascual‐Valdunciel, Natalia T. Cónsul, Robert M. Brownstone, Marco Beato et autres

Studying human motoneuron activity through electromyography (EMG) can yield insights into the operation of fundamental spinal cord microcircuits. Traditional surface and needle EMG methodologies have limited capacity to shed light on the diversity of motor unit (MU) control strategies that may be …

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Evidence of spinal cord comparator modules for rapid corrections of movements

Mustafa Görkem Özyurt, Sarah Chiasson, Alex M. Laliberté, Filipe Nascimento et autres

Abstract Successful movement requires continuous adjustments in response to changes in internal and external environments. To do so, neural circuits continuously compare efference copies of motor commands with sensory input to respond to sensory prediction errors. Some responses need to be very …

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The Power of Placebo to Restore Neurological Function After Spinal Cord Injury: Implications for Neuromodulation

Jessica McDougall, Jacquelyn J. Cragg, Robert M. Brownstone, John L. K. Kramer

BACKGROUND: Emerging trials demonstrate that neuromodulation, especially spinal cord stimulation, improves function for those with chronic spinal cord injury. Their design - uncontrolled and unblinded - is justified by the claim that sham conditions are unethical and/or impossible. In the absence of …

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Ethologically relevant behavioural assay for investigating reach and grasp kinematics during whole-body motor control in mice

Christopher J. Black, Liam E. Browne, Robert M. Brownstone, Stephanie C. Koch

Abstract Reach and grasp are critical components of skilled mammalian motor control and their detailed analysis in rodents has been key to deepening our understanding of prehension in the context of health and disease. However, most studies investigating these behaviours focus on …

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Personalized mapping of inhibitory spinal cord circuits in vivo via non-invasive neural decoding and in silico modelling

Alejandro Pascual‐Valdunciel, Natalia T. Cónsul, Robert M. Brownstone, Marco Beato et autres

ABSTRACT Studying human motoneuron activity through electromyography (EMG) can yield insights into the operation of fundamental spinal cord microcircuits. Traditional surface and needle electromyography (EMG) methodologies have limited capacity to shed light on the diversity of motor unit (MU) control strategies that …

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The impact of surgery on comorbidities in epilepsy

Vejay N. Vakharia, Robert M. Brownstone

Abstract One-third of people fail to achieve long-term seizure remission with antiseizure medications. In these individuals, if the epileptogenic zone can be identified and removed or disconnected, epilepsy surgery may result in long-term seizure remission. The neurological, neuropsychological, and neuropsychiatric morbidities associated …

Kv2 channels do not function as canonical delayed rectifiers in spinal motoneurons

Calvin C. Smith, Filipe Nascimento, Mustafa Görkem Özyurt, Marco Beato et autres

2.1.

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O.6.4: Characterization of spinal circuits with high density surface electromyography (HDsEMG)

Alejandro Pascual Valdunciel, M Gorkem Ozyurt, Filipe Nascimento, Marco Beato et autres

On the origin of F-wave: involvement of central synaptic mechanisms

Mustafa Görkem Özyurt, Filipe Nascimento, Robert M. Brownstone, Marco Beato

Neurophysiological methods are used widely to gain information about motor neuron excitability and axon conduction in neurodegenerative diseases. The F-wave is a common biomarker used to test motor neuron properties in the diagnosis of neurological diseases. Although the origin of the F-wave …

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