Kirsten Chrzan

Examining the role of freebase nicotine in the harm reduction potential of oral nicotine pouches versus moist snuff: A randomized crossover trial

Brittney Keller‐Hamilton, Hayley Curran, Leanne Atkinson, Sriya Suraapaneni et autres

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Oral nicotine pouches (ONPs) contain varying proportions of freebase nicotine (FBN), with higher FBN expected to increase nicotine delivery across the oral mucosa. Because ONPs contain fewer toxicants than moist snuff and may serve as a reduced harm alternative …

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Evaluating the Role of Nicotine Stereoisomer on Nicotine Pouch Abuse Liability: A Randomized Crossover Trial

Brittney Keller‐Hamilton, Hayley Curran, Mahmood A. Alalwan, Alice Hinton et autres

INTRODUCTION: Many oral nicotine pouch (ONP) brands use synthetic nicotine, which typically contains a racemic (50:50) mixture of nicotine's two stereoisomers: S-nicotine and R-nicotine. Because tobacco-derived nicotine contains more than 99% S-nicotine, the effects of R-nicotine in humans are not well known. …

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Evaluating the effects of nicotine concentration on the appeal and nicotine delivery of oral nicotine pouches among rural and Appalachian adults who smoke cigarettes: A randomized cross‐over study

Brittney Keller‐Hamilton, Mahmood A. Alalwan, Hayley Curran, Alice Hinton et autres

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Oral nicotine pouches (ONPs) probably offer reduced harm compared with cigarettes, but independent data concerning their misuse liability are lacking. We compared nicotine delivery and craving relief from ONPs with different nicotine concentrations to cigarettes. DESIGN: This was a …

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Sexual Orientation and Gender Identity Differences in Perceptions and Product Appeal in Response to E-cigarette Advertising

Jessica Liu, Joanne G. Patterson, Brittney Keller‐Hamilton, Donghee N. Lee et autres

INTRODUCTION: E-cigarette use is disparately high among sexual minoritized populations. As e-cigarette advertising may influence product appeal, this study tested sexual orientation- and gender-based differences in response to e-cigarette advertisement exposure on advertisement perceptions and product appeal. METHODS: We recruited 497 adults …

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Adherence to COVID-19 Protective Measures in a Longitudinal Sample of Male Youth

Andreas A. Teferra, Mahmood A. Alalwan, Brittney Keller‐Hamilton, Megan E. Roberts et autres

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Public Health Surveillance of Behavioral Health Emergencies through Emergency Medical Services Data

Madison K. Rivard, Rebecca E. Cash, Kirsten Chrzan, Jonathan R. Powell et autres

Objective: To identify the demographic, clinical and EMS characteristics of events documented as behavioral health emergencies (BHE) by EMS. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study using the 2018 National Emergency Medical Services Information System (NEMSIS) Version 3 dataset. All events that had …

Barriers to Physical Activity Among Emergency Medical Services Professionals

Michael Supples, Madison K. Rivard, Rebecca E. Cash, Kirsten Chrzan et autres

BACKGROUND: Emergency medical services (EMS) professionals demonstrate low adherence to physical activity guidelines and experience a high prevalence of obesity and incidence of injury. The authors investigate the barriers to participating in physical activity among EMS professionals. METHODS: The EMS professionals employed …

Methods and Implementation of the 2019 EMS Practice Analysis

Ashish R. Panchal, Madison K. Rivard, Rebecca E. Cash, J.P. Corley et autres

Background: The EMS Practice Analysis provides a vision of current prehospital care by defining the work performed by EMS professionals. In this manuscript, we present the National Advanced Life Support (ALS) EMS Practice Analysis for the advanced EMT (AEMT) and paramedic levels …

Comparison of Air Force, Army, and Navy Emergency Medical Technician Candidates’ Performance on the National Registry Cognitive Examination

Christopher Mercer, Rebecca E. Cash, Madison K. Rivard, Kirsten Chrzan et autres

INTRODUCTION: Military medics function similarly to civilian emergency medical technicians (EMTs); however, they perform their emergency medical care in combat zones and military treatment facilities. Both civilian and military EMTs must take and pass the National Registry of EMT's cognitive examination to …

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Ultrasound Use in the Prehospital Setting for Trauma: A Systematic Review

Christopher Mercer, Matthew Ball, Rebecca E. Cash, Madison K. Rivard et autres

BACKGROUND: Trauma is a leading cause of death in the United States. Ultrasound use in the prehospital environment has the potential to change trauma management. Although ultrasound use for prehospital trauma is increasing, the role of this modality is not clearly defined. …

Comparison of Volunteer and Paid EMS Professionals in the United States

Rebecca E. Cash, Madison K. Rivard, Kirsten Chrzan, Christopher Mercer et autres

Background Emergency medical response is provided by volunteer emergency medical services (EMS) professionals in many parts of the United States. However, little is known about those who serve as volunteer EMS professionals, especially as their main EMS job. Our objective was to …

Demography of the National Emergency Medical Services Workforce: A Description of Those Providing Patient Care in the Prehospital Setting

Madison K. Rivard, Rebecca E. Cash, Christopher Mercer, Kirsten Chrzan et autres

BACKGROUND: The emergency medical services (EMS) workforce is a key component of healthcare in the U.S. Characteristics of active EMS professionals who are treating patients in the prehospital setting is unclear. The purpose of this study was to describe the roles and …