Kenneth D. Clinkenbeard

Transstadial transmission and maintenance of Francisella tularensis in the Blacklegged Tick Ixodes scapularis.

Rinosh Mani, Kenneth D. Clinkenbeard

In the south-central United States tularemia endemic region, approximately 10% of human cases occur during the fall-winter season when the questing activity of its primary tick vectors for this region Dermacentor variabilis and Amblyomma americanum is minimal.It is also been reported that …

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Lyophilization of Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus 109J for Long‐Term Storage

Mélanie J. Boileau, Rinosh Mani, Kenneth D. Clinkenbeard

Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus 109J is a Gram-negative predatory bacterium with obligate host dependency on other Gram-negative bacteria. This bacteriolytic predator collides with, enters, and establishes growth within the prey (host) periplasm, eventually lysing the prey cell wall to release fresh, motile B. bacteriovorus …

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Efficacy of Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus 109J for the treatment of dairy calves with experimentally induced infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis

Mélanie J. Boileau, Rinosh Mani, Melanie A. Breshears, Margi A. Gilmour et autres

OBJECTIVE To determine the efficacy of Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus 109J for the treatment of calves with experimentally induced infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis (IBK). ANIMALS 12 healthy dairy calves. PROCEDURES For each calf, a grid keratotomy was performed on both eyes immediately before inoculation with …

Ecology of Tularemia in Central US Endemic Region

Rinosh Mani, Rebecca J. Morton, Kenneth D. Clinkenbeard

Tularemia is a zoonotic disease that occurs in the Northern Hemisphere caused by the gammabacterium Francisella tularensis . The most severe form of human tularemia occurs in the central USA and involves a rabbit enzootic cycle, ixodid tick vectors, and F. tularensis …

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Role of Tellurite Resistance Operon in Filamentous Growth of Yersinia pestis in Macrophages

Duraisamy Ponnusamy, Kenneth D. Clinkenbeard

BACKGROUND: Yersinia pestis initiates infection by parasitism of host macrophages. In response to macrophage infections, intracellular Y. pestis can assume a filamentous cellular morphology which may mediate resistance to host cell innate immune responses. We previously observed the expression of Y. pestis …

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Amblyomma americanum as a Bridging Vector for Human Infection with Francisella tularensis

Rinosh Mani, Jessica Abbey Metcalf, Kenneth D. Clinkenbeard

The γ-proteobacterium Francisella tularensis causes seasonal tick-transmitted tularemia outbreaks in natural rabbit hosts and incidental infections in humans in the south-central United States. Although Dermacentor variabilis is considered a primary vector for F. tularensis, Amblyomma americanum is the most abundant tick species …

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Yersinia pestis Intracellular Parasitism of Macrophages from Hosts Exhibiting High and Low Severity of Plague

Duraisamy Ponnusamy, Kenneth D. Clinkenbeard

BACKGROUND: Yersinia pestis causes severe disease in natural rodent hosts, but mild to inapparent disease in certain rodent predators such as dogs. Y. pestis initiates infection in susceptible hosts by parasitizing and multiplying intracellularly in local macrophages prior to systemic dissemination. Thus, …

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High-Throughput Screening of a Diversity Collection Using Biodefense Category A and B Priority Pathogens

Esther W. Barrow, Patricia A. Clinkenbeard, Rebecca A. Duncan-Decocq, Rachel F. Perteet et autres

One of the objectives of the National Institutes of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) Biodefense Program is to identify or develop broad-spectrum antimicrobials for use against bioterrorism pathogens and emerging infectious agents. As a part of that program, our institution has screened …

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Biology of Francisella tularensis Subspecies holarctica Live Vaccine Strain in the Tick Vector Dermacentor variabilis

Rinosh Mani, Mason V. Reichard, Rebecca J. Morton, Katherine M. Kocan et autres

BACKGROUND: The γ-proteobacterium Francisella tularensis is the etiologic agent of seasonal tick-transmitted tularemia epizootics in rodents and rabbits and of incidental infections in humans. The biology of F. tularensis in its tick vectors has not been fully described, particularly with respect to …

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Assessment of Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus 109J killing of Moraxella bovis in an in vitro model of infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis.

Mélanie J. Boileau, Kenneth D. Clinkenbeard, JOHN J. IANDOLO

The objective of this study was to determine the potential of Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus 109J as an alternative non-chemotherapeutic treatment of infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis (IBK). To accomplish this, various parameters of B. bacteriovorus predation of Moraxella bovis were determined in vitro. Initial passage …

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Bi-cell surface plasmon resonance detection of aptamer mediated thrombin capture in serum

Rinosh Mani, Roman G. Dye, Timothy A. Snider, Shaopeng Wang et autres

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In Vitro Efficacy of Antibiotics Commonly Used To Treat Human Plague against Intracellular Yersinia pestis

Jered M. Wendte, Duraisamy Ponnusamy, Deanna Reiber, Jeffrey L. Blair et autres

Yersinia pestis initiates infection as a facultative intracellular parasite in host macrophages; however, little is known about the efficacy of antibiotics commonly used to treat human plague against intracellular Y. pestis. Intracellular minimal bactericidal concentrations (MBCs) were determined using a high-throughput broth …

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