Gunther Doehlemann

Salicylic acid-triggered apoplastic proteolysis releases cryptic phytocytokines with distinct immunogenic functions

Philipp Katzy, Hermanyanto Laia, Zoe Zick, Johana C. Misas Villamil et autres

Summary Plants rely on an innate immune system to defend against pathogens through various molecular responses. In addition to classical damage-and pathogen-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs and PAMPs), plants produce endogenous signaling peptides termed phytocytokines that amplify and regulate immune responses following stress. …

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Processing and release of the maize phytocytokine Zip1

Maurice Koenig, Zarah Sorger, Melissa Mantz, Andreas Perrar et autres

Phytocytokines are endogenous peptides that modulate plant immunity outcomes, yet how their maturation and spatial deployment are controlled remains unclear. Here we show that the maize phytocytokine precursor PROZIP1 is controlled by a spatially separated, 2-stage proteolytic pathway that mechanistically uncouples signal …

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LUstiGE, Light responsive Ustilago maydis Gene Expression: Optogenetic control of morphogenesis and pathogenesis in the corn fungal pathogen Ustilago maydis

Kun Tang, M Mueller, Lisa Huesemann, Weiliang Zuo et autres

Abstract The basidiomycete Ustilago maydis is a well-characterized model organism for studying pathogen-host interactions and of great interest for a broad spectrum of biotechnological applications. We set here to develop light inducible molecular tools to enable dynamic studies on signaling networks and …

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A membrane-anchored inhibitor of papain-like cysteine proteases promotes Pseudomonas root colonization

Daniel Moser, Christian-Frederic Kaiser, Nina Solia, Lioba Rueger et autres

Abstract Pseudomonas species, spanning both beneficial and pathogenic lifestyles, possess conserved mechanisms to modulate plant immunity. Nevertheless, the mechanisms by which commensal bacteria establish and maintain host colonization remain poorly understood. Here, we report the characterization of a Pseudomonas chagasin-like protease inhibitor …

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Processing and release of endogenous immunogenic peptide signals

Maurice Koenig, Hermanyanto Laia, Gunther Doehlemann, Johana C. Misas Villamil

In both animals and plants, small secreted peptides known as cytokines and phytocytokines mediate local and systemic communication during immune and stress responses. These signaling molecules are typically synthesized as inactive precursors that require proteolytic processing to become active. They are subsequently …

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Ustilago maydis infection reshapes the maize phyllosphere microbiome through antimicrobial effectors and host metabolic reprogramming

Zarah Sorger, Sarah Daher, Frowin Reichhardt, Bilal Ökmen et autres

Abstract Plant-associated microbial communities play a critical role in plant health and disease resistance, but the mechanisms which reshape these communities during pathogen infection are poorly understood. In this study, we investigated how infection of maize by the smut fungus Ustilago maydis …

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Cis -regulatory elements orchestrate phase-specific effector gene expression in Ustilago maydis

Georgios Saridis, J.A. Werner, Katharina Stein, Luyao Huang et autres

Summary Plant pathogenic fungi secrete small proteins, termed effectors, to reprogram host metabolism and suppress immune responses during infection. Although transcriptional waves of effector expression have been described in several pathosystems, the cis -regulatory elements encoding infection-stage specificity remain largely unknown. Here, …

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Ustilago maydis disrupts carbohydrate signaling networks to induce hypertrophy in host cells

Yoon Joo Lee, Dong Zhang, Sara Christina Stolze, Georgios Saridis et autres

Ustilago maydis infection in maize causes hypertrophic leaf tumors; however, the underlying mechanisms driving this excessive cell growth are unknown. In this study, we identify Hap1 (hypertrophy-associated protein 1) as an effector and virulence factor that regulates mesophyll cell hypertrophy. Using CRISPR-Cas9 …

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Take control of expression: effector-mediated modulation of the host transcriptional machinery

Weiliang Zuo, Muye Xiao, Gunther Doehlemann

Interactions between plants and microbes that colonize them typically result in significant alterations of the host's gene expression. Such transcriptional changes include modulation of immune responses, as well as orchestrating metabolic and developmental changes locally at sites of infection and systemically in …

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Targeting of the barley cell-surface receptor SRF3 by the Blumeria hordei effector AVR A13 overlaps with AVR A13 recognition by MLA and the induction of NLR-mediated cell death

Wei Shi, Merle Bilstein-Schloemer, Sara Christina Stolze, Matthieu Pierre Platre et autres

Abstract Pathogens secrete effector proteins to promote virulence. Despite their recognition by barley Mla resistance genes, the structurally-related Blumeria hordei ( Bh ) AVR A effectors are maintained in the Bh genome, suggesting virulence functions critical for fungal pathogenicity. Using proximity-dependent protein …

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Processing and release of the maize phytocytokine Zip1

Zarah Sorger, Muthusaravanan Sivaramakrishnan, Balakumaran Chandrasekar, Parisa Kakanj et autres

TurboID-Based Proximity Labeling for Exploiting Effector Interacting Proteins in the Fungal Maize Pathogen Ustilago maydis

Wei Shi, Hirofumi Nakagami, Isabel M.L. Saur, Gunther Doehlemann

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