ЕЛЕКТРИЧНА ІМПЕДАНСНА МІОГРАФІЯ ЯК МЕТОД ОЦІНЮВАННЯ ФУНКЦІОНАЛЬНОГО СТАНУ СКЕЛЕТНИХ МʼЯЗІВ: ОГЛЯД

Résumé fourni par la source

Abstract – Electrical impedance myography (EIM) is a promising bioimpedance technique that enables non-invasive assessment of the structural and functional state of skeletal muscles by analyzing their electrical impedance, i.e., the ability of biological tissue to resist the flow of alternating electric current. Owing to its simple implementation, non-ionizing nature, and the possibility of developing portable and wearable measurement systems, interest in this method has grown rapidly in recent years. This paper reviews the current state of the art in electrical impedance myography, focusing on the principles of EIM-based measurement systems and their main practical applications. The physical principles of bioimpedance measurements, the operating principle of EIM, the characteristics of bipolar and tetrapolar electrode configurations, single-frequency and multi-frequency systems, as well as the main impedance parameters, including resistance, reactance, phase angle, and anisotropy ratio, are discussed. The architecture of modern EIM measurement systems is analyzed, including electrodes, analog front-end circuitry, digital signal processing methods, dedicated integrated circuits, and commercially available devices. Particular attention is paid to current applications of EIM, including the diagnosis and monitoring of neuromuscular disorders, assessment of age-related and functional changes in skeletal muscles, muscle fatigue monitoring, and the use of EIM for detecting muscle contractions in myoelectric control of bionic prostheses. The conducted analysis demonstrates that electrical impedance myography has considerable potential as a tool for clinical diagnostics, sports medicine, and biomedical engineering. However, its widespread clinical adoption requires further standardization of measurement methodologies and comprehensive clinical validation.

Ce résumé expose les affirmations des auteurs. BNTIC ne l’interprète pas comme une validation indépendante des résultats.