Robotic High-Throughput Microinjection of Zebrafish Embryos and Larvae

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Abstract Manual microinjection, though long regarded as a fundamental technique in biological research, suffers from inherent drawbacks, including limited precision and low efficiency. In this study, we introduce an advanced robotic platform for achieving high-throughput microinjection of zebrafish embryos and larvae. A vision-based algorithm employing morphological image processing has been developed to enable rapid and accurate localization of injection sites. In addition, a dedicated software package with a user-friendly interface is created, and a prototype integrating multiple hardware modules is assembled to realize a fully automated workflow. Experimental investigation confirms that the system can simultaneously inject embryos and larvae, with an average injection duration of 6.82 seconds per specimen and a success rate of 96%. These results demonstrate that the proposed robotic solution provides a reliable and efficient approach to automated microinjection, characterized by high throughput, accuracy, and success rates.

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