Supplemental Material for: Assessment of Claimed Vs Found Levels of Δ9-THC and CBD in Sixteen Cannabis-Derived Commercial Products

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Introduction: The enactment of Marijuana laws in many states, coupled with the Hemp Improvement Act (the 2018 Farm Bill) has resulted in the proliferation of several cannabis-derived products. The quality of these products is suspect at best. We have previously reported on the analysis of several cannabis flower products acquired from dispensaries in three major cannabis producing states. (Colorado, Oregon, and California). Through the same mechanism by which we received those flower samples, we were able to receive samples from a variety of non-flower cannabis products for this investigation. The goal was to determine the accuracy of the labeling of these products with respect to Δ9-THC and CBD content. Previous reports have shown large discrepancies between the claimed and found concentrations for some products. This study encompasses several products that have not been previously examined.Methods: Samples from 16 different cannabis derived products were acquired through legal channels from dispensaries in Colorado, Oregon and California. These products included beverages, brownies, chocolates, cookies, fruit chews, gummies, pills, tablets and capsules, sucker, budders, distillates, resins, oils, sauces, and sugars, shatters, tinctures, waxes, and suppository. All samples (a total of 205 samples) were analyzed by a validated GC/FID method for seven major cannabinoids. Since analysis was carried out on underivatized extracts, the values obtained represent the total cannabinoids (acid and neutral). The seven major cannabinoids analyzed are D9- THC, CBD, D8- THC, CBC, THCV, CBG, and CBN. However, for this report, only THC and CBD levels were evaluated.Results: Within each product, the number of samples with > ±20% deviation of the labeled amount from the found values were identified. The results showed that the number of samples with labeled amounts of cannabinoids (CBD & D9-THC) falling outside ± 20% of the analytical value is excessive and calls for tightening quality control measures on cannabis derived products sold on the open market.Conclusions: These data highlight the insufficient quality control over the cannabinoid content in marketed products, with most discrepancies resulting from lower analytical values than those claimed. They also emphasize the need for stricter regulations in the industry to safeguard consumers from inaccurate labeling of commercial cannabis-based products.

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