Determinants of fungal infection and hospital readmission risk in interstitial pneumonia with autoimmune features: associations with vitamin D and pirfenidone
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Le résumé fourni par la source
Background: Fungal infections significantly compromise the prognosis of patients with interstitial pneumonia with autoimmune features (IPAF). However, the specific immune-related risk factors and their impact on clinical stability remain poorly defined. This study aimed to identify independent predictors for fungal infection and early readmission to optimize risk stratification. Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of 98 patients meeting the 2015 European Respiratory Society/American Thoracic Society (ERS/ATS) IPAF classification criteria. Fungal infections were confirmed through clinical manifestations, radiological findings, and metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS). Logistic and Cox regression models were employed to identify factors independently associated with fungal infection and hospital readmission. Results: Fungal infection was identified in 40.8% of the cohort, with Candida albicans as the primary pathogen. Respiratory failure (odds ratio [OR]=3.76, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.24-11.38) and hypertension (OR = 2.94, 95% CI: 1.01-8.64) were independent associated with higher risks of fungal infection. Vitamin D (OR = 0.94, 95% CI: 0.89-0.99) and pirfenidone (OR = 0.17, 95% CI: 0.04-0.71) were independently associated with lower risks of fungal infection. Regarding prognosis, anti-Ro-52 (hazard ratio [HR]=2.23, 95% CI: 1.06-4.68) and anti-PL-12 (HR = 3.87, 95% CI: 1.11-13.44) antibody positivity independently predicted 3-month and 6-month hospital readmission, respectively. Conclusion: Fungal infections in IPAF involve a complex interplay between clinical comorbidities and immune status. In this single-center retrospective cohort, vitamin D and pirfenidone were independently associated with lower risks of fungal infection and hospital readmission after adjustment for confounders. These findings should be interpreted as associations rather than evidence of causality and require validation through large-scale, multicenter prospective studies.
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Le contrôle bibliographique ouvert
DOI retrouvé dans Crossref DOI retrouvé ; titre concordant.
- Titre Crossref
- Determinants of fungal infection and hospital readmission risk in interstitial pneumonia with autoimmune features: associations with vitamin D and pirfenidone
- Date Crossref
- 03/08/2026
- Éditeur
- Frontiers Media SA
- Type
- journal-article
Ce recoupement confirme des métadonnées liées au DOI. Il ne confirme ni la méthode ni les conclusions de l’étude, et il ne compte pas comme une seconde source scientifique indépendante.
Où se fait cette recherche
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North Sichuan Medical University pays non établi dans la noticeUniversité ou école supérieure
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Capital Medical University pays non établi dans la noticeUniversité ou école supérieure
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Neijiang Normal University pays non établi dans la noticeUniversité ou école supérieure
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Beijing Anzhen Hospital pays non établi dans la noticeÉtablissement de santé
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Nanchong Central Hospital Department of Rheumatology and Immunology pays non établi dans la noticeÉtablissement de santé
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Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University Department of Rheumatology and Immunology pays non établi dans la noticeÉtablissement de santé
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Southwest Medical University pays non établi dans la noticeÉtablissement de santé
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Sichuan University Department of Rheumatology and Immunology pays non établi dans la noticeUniversité ou école supérieure
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West China Hospital of Sichuan University pays non établi dans la noticeÉtablissement de santé
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The First People’s Hospital of Neijiang Department of Rheumatology and Immunology pays non établi dans la noticeÉtablissement de santé
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North Sichuan Medical College pays non établi dans la noticeUniversité ou école supérieure
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School of Basic Medicine pays non établi dans la noticeUniversité ou école supérieure
North Sichuan Medical University, Capital Medical University et Neijiang Normal University, avec 9 autres affiliations.
Une affiliation ne permet pas de déduire la nationalité d’un auteur.