The use of antibiotic, probiotic, and fecal microbiota transplantation in modulating immunotherapy efficacy and survival: a systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical outcomes
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Le résumé fourni par la source
BACKGROUND: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have been one of the important therapeutic approaches for patients with advanced malignancies; nevertheless, their clinical efficacy remains limited in many patients. Recently, the contribution of intestinal microbiota to improved antitumor immune responses has gradually been recognized. METHODS: A comprehensive literature search was conducted in PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library to identify relevant studies published up to June 15, 2026. We evaluated the influence of microbiota interventions with respect to efficacy and survival in cancer patients receiving ICIs from 3 perspectives: antibiotics, probiotics, and fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT). The main endpoint was objective response rate (ORR), and secondary endpoints were overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS). RESULTS: The final analysis comprised 106 studies, which were categorized into 3 groups: antibiotics (76 studies), probiotics (15 studies), and FMT (15 studies). Antibiotic use was correlated with compromised immunotherapy efficacy and unfavorable survival outcomes. In particular, antibiotic exposure was linked to a reduced ORR (odds ratio [OR] = 0.60, 95% CI, 0.46-0.77, P < .001), shorter OS (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.56, 95% CI, 1.44-1.69, P < .001), and shorter PFS (HR = 1.50, 95% CI, 1.32-1.70, P < .001). In contrast, probiotics showed a supportive and positive effect on immunotherapy outcomes, with improved ORR (OR = 1.95, 95% CI, 1.46-2.62, P < .001) and better OS (HR = 0.56, 95% CI, 0.41-0.78, P < .001) and PFS (HR = 0.53, 95% CI= 0.38-0.74, P < .001). FMT combined with immunotherapy achieved a favorable ORR of 0.30 (95% CI, 0.16-0.45, P < .001). CONCLUSIONS: This meta-analysis synthesized evidence from studies on antibiotics, probiotics, and FMT use, suggesting gut microbiota offering potential approaches to enhance immunotherapy treatment effectiveness and clinical efficacy in individuals with advanced-stage solid cancers.
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Le contrôle bibliographique ouvert
DOI retrouvé dans Crossref DOI retrouvé ; titre concordant.
- Titre Crossref
- The use of antibiotic, probiotic, and fecal microbiota transplantation in modulating immunotherapy efficacy and survival: a systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical outcomes
- Date Crossref
- 08/07/2026
- Éditeur
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Type
- journal-article
Ce recoupement confirme des métadonnées liées au DOI. Il ne confirme ni la méthode ni les conclusions de l’étude, et il ne compte pas comme une seconde source scientifique indépendante.
Où se fait cette recherche
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Shandong University pays non établi dans la noticeUniversité ou école supérieure
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Shandong First Medical University Department of Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Oncology pays non établi dans la noticeUniversité ou école supérieure
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Wuhan Union Hospital pays non établi dans la noticeÉtablissement de santé
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Union Hospital pays non établi dans la noticeÉtablissement de santé
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Huazhong University of Science and Technology pays non établi dans la noticeUniversité ou école supérieure
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Guangdong Pharmaceutical University Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Bioactive Substances pays non établi dans la noticeUniversité ou école supérieure
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Cheeloo College of Medicine pays non établi dans la noticeUniversité ou école supérieure
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Tongji Medical College Union Hospital pays non établi dans la noticeUniversité ou école supérieure
Shandong University, Department of Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Oncology — Shandong First Medical University et Wuhan Union Hospital, avec 5 autres affiliations.
Une affiliation ne permet pas de déduire la nationalité d’un auteur.