Uncertainty

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Abstract This chapter introduces uncertainty as a pervasive, multidimensional condition shaping contemporary life, challenges deficit-oriented assumptions, and positions uncertainty as both a threat and a generative resource across individual, organizational, and societal domains. It delineates key features of uncertainty by distinguishing endogenous context and exogenous context, emphasizing dynamic actor–environment interactions, multilevel analysis, and the capacity of uncertainty to stimulate learning, exploration, creativity, and innovation. The chapter surveys conceptual, methodological, neural, cognitive, and individual-difference perspectives, showing how uncertainty shapes decision making, self-regulation, proactivity, creativity, identity, and well-being across time and contexts. It examines social, team, and organizational processes, demonstrating how uncertainty influences fairness of judgments, group identification, diversity dynamics, adaptation, strategy, and organizational capabilities. Finally, the chapter integrates contextual affordances, technological change, and safety-critical environments to emphasize mindful uncertainty regulation and stewardship as essential responses to complexity.

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