Adenomyoepithelioma breast: A known entity yet a diagnostic challenge on cytology

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Background: Adenomyoepithelioma (AME) is an uncommon benign breast neoplasm characterized by proliferation of myoepithelial cells surrounding small epithelium-lined spaces. Diagnosis on Fine needle aspiration (FNA) are quoted in handful case reports as well as short case series. Patients are usually postmenopausal females with palpable breast lump, usually in the central or outer quadrant of breast. Mammographic findings are nonspecific and often suspicious of malignancy. The recognition of this entity on FNAC of breast is challenging due to the rarity of the lesion and its biphasic epithelial-myoepithelial nature. At times mild to moderate atypia in the ductal epithelial cells leads to false positive diagnosis of malignancy and inappropriate aggressive treatment. We report a case of AME in a 55year old female and highlight the cytological features which can guide in the correct preoperative diagnosis and modify the surgical management.Key Messages: Adenomyoepithelioma (AME) is an uncommon benign breast neoplasm. The recognition of this entity on FNAC of breast is challenging due to the rarity of the lesion and its biphasic epithelial-myoepithelial nature. Therefore it is important to make diagnosis for betterment of patient.

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