APOE and memory in latin america: Baseline Findings from the LatAm-FINGERS trial

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Background: Detecting early memory decline is key for dementia prevention, especially in Latin America, where risk exposure is high. FCSRT-IR offers a sensitive approach, yet how sociodemographic and genetic factors affect its performance in this context remains poorly understood. Objective: To investigate sociodemographic factors and APOE ε4 genotype influence on mnemonic performance in high-risk LA individuals. Methods: Cross-sectional analysis of LatAm-FINGERS baseline data, a randomized multicenter trial evaluating non-pharmacological interventions for cognitive decline. Inclusion: age 60–77; CAIDE ≥6; -1.5≤z≤0 on MMSE or CERAD list. Exclusion: MMSE<20; dementia; illiteracy. Participants from Argentina, Brazil, Chile, and Uruguay. Memory was assessed via FCSRT-IR and SOMI—a staging model using FCSRT-IR scores for preclinical memory impairment. APOE genotyping used PCR-RFLP. Statistical analyses performed using Jamovi(v2.3); significance set at p<0.05. Results: Sample (n=358): age 67.75±4.86; education 13.41±3.14 years; 72.3% female; 61.2% white; 22.3% APOE ε4 carriers. FCSRT-IR scores correlated with sociodemographics (p<.001) and differed across countries. SOMI classification: 58% SOMI-0 (preserved memory), 27.6% SOMI-1/2 (mild impairment). No sociodemographic differences between ε4 carriers/non-carriers. Non-carriers had better FCSRT-IR scores, significant only for identification (p=0.017). No ε4-SOMI association. Discussion: SOMI score may capture early memory changes not explained by APOE ε4, highlighting the value of staging tools in diverse sociocultural contexts. Conclusion: Sociodemographic profile significantly influences memory. APOE ε4 shows limited association—suggesting social/environmental factors may outweigh genetic risk in LA.

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