HD-ZIP transcription factors: pivotal regulators of plant reproductive development

Le résumé fourni par la source

The HD-ZIP gene family, a group of plant-specific transcription factors, plays pivotal regulatory roles in various aspects of plant growth and development. Accumulating evidence has demonstrated the extensive involvement of HD-ZIP members in regulating reproductive developmental processes. This review systematically summarizes both the structural characteristics of the four HD-ZIP subfamilies (I–IV) and their distinct regulatory roles in plant reproductive development. Recent studies reveal that a conserved HD-ZIP I clade serves as a core regulator of key reproductive processes, ranging from spike development in monocots (e.g., barley Vrs1 and maize GT1 ) to sex determination in dicots (e.g., cucumber CmHB40 and persimmon MeGI ). Meanwhile, members of other subfamilies (HD-ZIP II-IV) contribute significantly to diverse reproductive processes including pistil development, floral organ formation, and anther development, among others. This review provides a comprehensive synthesis of HD-ZIP subfamily functions in reproductive development, integrating current knowledge while highlighting critical research gaps. These insights aim to provide theoretical foundations for functional characterization and potential applications of HD-ZIP reproductive regulators, while advancing our understanding of transcriptional regulation mechanisms in plant reproductive development.

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