The Changing Epidemiology of Breakthrough Invasive Fungal Disease in Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant Recipients in the Era of Modified‐Release Posaconazole Prophylaxis
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Le résumé fourni par la source
BACKGROUND: Allogeneic hemopoietic stem cell transplant (aHSCT) recipients are at high-risk for invasive fungal disease (IFD), even with mould-active antifungal prophylaxis (AFP). METHODS: This was a retrospective, observational, single-center cohort study involving 300 adult aHSCT recipients transplanted from January 2017-May 2020. Patient demographics, underlying hematological malignancy (HM), transplant characteristics and AFP were described. The primary objectives were rate and characteristics of breakthrough IFD (bIFD) within 1-year post-transplant. RESULTS: Of 300 aHSCT recipients, 195 (65%) were males; median age at transplantation was 54 years (IQR 43-62). Acute leukemia was the most common underlying HM (50%), and modified-release posaconazole was the main primary AFP (88%). B-IFD occurred in 26 patients (9%): 14 breakthrough invasive mould diseases (bIMD), which Aspergillus species predominated (56%), followed by Lomentospora prolificans (31%); and 12 breakthrough invasive yeast infections, with Nakaseomyces glabratus most frequently isolated. Neither Aspergillus fumigatus complex nor Candida albicans was cultured as breakthrough organisms. bIMD occurred late post aHSCT at median of 167 days, whereas breakthrough invasive yeast infection occurred at median of 21 days. Twelve patients (46%) had therapeutic-drug-monitoring at time of bIFD-all were within therapeutic range. All-cause mortality at 12-weeks from bIMD and breakthrough invasive yeast infection infections were 50% and 58%, respectively. CONCLUSION: Although bIFD rate was consistent with other reports, mortality after bIFD remained significant. Use of mould-active AFP likely explained the changing epidemiology of fungal isolates. Resistant breakthrough fungal organisms, especially L. prolificans, reflected local epidemiology. Ongoing surveillance of IFD including resistant organisms is warranted to optimize treatment and patient outcome.
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Le contrôle bibliographique ouvert
DOI retrouvé dans Crossref DOI retrouvé ; titre concordant.
- Titre Crossref
- The Changing Epidemiology of Breakthrough Invasive Fungal Disease in Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant Recipients in the Era of Modified‐Release Posaconazole Prophylaxis
- Date Crossref
- 26/09/2025
- Éditeur
- Wiley
- Type
- journal-article
Ce recoupement confirme des métadonnées liées au DOI. Il ne confirme ni la méthode ni les conclusions de l’étude, et il ne compte pas comme une seconde source scientifique indépendante.
Où se fait cette recherche
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The Royal Melbourne Hospital Victorian Infectious Diseases Service (VIDS) pays non établi dans la noticeOrganisme public
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The University of Melbourne Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology pays non établi dans la noticeUniversité ou école supérieure
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Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre pays non établi dans la noticeÉtablissement de santé
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National Cancer Centre Japan pays non établi dans la noticeÉtablissement de santé
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Cancer Australia pays non établi dans la noticeOrganisme public
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Peter Doherty Institute The National Centre for Antimicrobial Stewardship pays non établi dans la noticeStructure de recherche
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Monash University pays non établi dans la noticeUniversité ou école supérieure
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Monash Institute of Medical Research pays non établi dans la noticeÉtablissement de santé
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National Centre For Infections in Cancer Melbourne Australia pays non établi dans la noticeInstitution
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Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology University of Melbourne Melbourne Australia pays non établi dans la noticeUniversité ou école supérieure
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Victorian Infectious Diseases Service (VIDS) Royal Melbourne Hospital Melbourne Australia pays non établi dans la noticeÉtablissement de santé
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Department of Infectious Diseases pays non établi dans la noticeInstitution
Victorian Infectious Diseases Service (VIDS) — The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology — The University of Melbourne et Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, avec 9 autres affiliations.
Une affiliation ne permet pas de déduire la nationalité d’un auteur.