The Expression and Clinical Significance of SARM1 in Newly Diagnosed Acute Myeloid Leukemia

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BACKGROUND: This study aimed to evaluate the expression level of SARM1 in the bone marrow of patients with newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and assess its clinical and prognostic significance. METHODS: Bone marrow specimens were collected from 60 patients with newly diagnosed AML (observation group) and 20 healthy individuals (control group). Clinical and pathological characteristics of AML patients were recorded. Real-time quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR) was used to measure SARM1 expression in both groups. The relationship between SARM1 expression and clinicopathological features and prognosis in AML patients was analyzed. Kaplan-Meier curves were generated to assess the impact of SARM1 on overall survival (OS), and Cox regression was performed to identify prognostic factors. RESULTS: Univariate analysis revealed significantly elevated SARM1 expression in AML patients compared with controls (p < 0.0001). No significant differences were observed in prognostic stratification, chromosomal karyotype variations, or gene mutations between high- and low-expression groups. However, high SARM1 expression was significantly associated with older age, increased bone marrow blasts, and failure to achieve remission after initial treatment (p < 0.05). OS was markedly shorter in the high-expression group compared with the low-expression group (p < 0.0001). Multivariate analysis identified high SARM1 expression as an independent risk factor for poor prognosis in AML. CONCLUSIONS: Elevated SARM1 expression in AML patients is associated with poor prognosis and reduced survival. These findings suggest that SARM1 may serve as a prognostic biomarker and a potential therapeutic target in AML.

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