A scoping review of herbal and allopathic remedies: Insights into liver damage, diagnostic methods, and hepatoprotective strategies

Le résumé fourni par la source

Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) is a significant yet often underdiagnosed issue resulting from both pharmaceutical and herbal agents.While conventional allopathic drugs, including ursodeoxycholic acid, silymarin, and N-acetylcysteine, have established therapeutic roles in managing liver conditions through mechanisms such as cell membrane stabilization, antioxidant enhancement, and immune modulation, additional agents like glutathione, methionine, and ademetionine further contribute to hepatic detoxification and regeneration.Herbal remedies, including extracts from Aerva javanica, Phyllanthus amarus, and Cichorium intybus, also demonstrate hepatoprotective properties by reducing oxidative stress, inhibiting lipid peroxidation, and boosting natural liver defenses.However, concerns regarding the safety of herbal treatments arise when used unsupervised or combined with other medications.The liver's vulnerability to toxic agents, whether pharmaceutical or herbal, can lead to conditions ranging from mild enzyme elevation to acute liver failure.This review delves into the mechanisms underlying liver damage emphasizing oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and immune-mediated response and explores various screening methods for assessing hepatoprotective efficacy, including in vitro assays (e.g., hepatocyte cultures, cytotoxicity assays) and in vivo models (e.g., carbon tetrachloride-induced liver injury).By evaluating both allopathic and herbal treatments, this review aims to clarify their mechanisms, screening techniques, and therapeutic applications in preventing and treating liver injury.

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