Causal Effects of Schooling on Memory at Older Ages in Six Low-and-Middle-Income Countries: Nonparametric Evidence with Harmonized Datasets
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Le résumé fourni par la source
Higher schooling attainment is associated with better cognitive function at older ages, but it remains unclear whether the relationship is causal. We estimate causal effects of schooling on performances on the Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer’s Disease (CERAD) word-recall (memory) test at older ages in China, Ghana, India, Mexico, Russia, and South Africa. We used harmonized data (n=30,896) on older adults (≥50 years) from the World Health Organization Study on Global Ageing and Adult Health. We applied an established nonparametric partialidentification approach that bounds causal effects of increasing schooling attainment at different parts of the schooling distributions under relatively weak assumptions. We find that an additional year of schooling, moving from none into primary school, increased word-recall scores by between 0.01–0.13 standard deviations (SDs) in China, 0.01–0.06SDs in Ghana, 0.02–0.09SDs in India, 0.02–0.12SDs in Mexico, and 0–0.07SDs in South Africa. No results were obtained for Russia at this margin due to the low proportion of older adults with primary schooling or lower. At higher parts of the schooling distributions (e.g., high-school or university completion) the bounds cannot statistically reject null effects. Our results indicate that increasing schooling from never attended to primary had long-lasting effects on memory decades later in life for older adults in five diverse low-and-middle-income countries.
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Le contrôle bibliographique ouvert
DOI retrouvé dans Crossref DOI retrouvé ; titre concordant.
- Titre Crossref
- Causal Effects of Schooling on Memory at Older Ages in Six Low-and-Middle-Income Countries: Nonparametric Evidence with Harmonized Datasets
- Date Crossref
- 01/01/2025
- Éditeur
- W.E. Upjohn Institute
- Type
- report
Ce recoupement confirme des métadonnées liées au DOI. Il ne confirme ni la méthode ni les conclusions de l’étude, et il ne compte pas comme une seconde source scientifique indépendante.
Où se fait cette recherche
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Central Michigan University pays non établi dans la noticeUniversité ou école supérieure
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California University of Pennsylvania pays non établi dans la noticeUniversité ou école supérieure
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University of Wisconsin System pays non établi dans la noticeUniversité ou école supérieure
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University of Wisconsin–Madison pays non établi dans la noticeUniversité ou école supérieure
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California Polytechnic State University pays non établi dans la noticeUniversité ou école supérieure
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W.E. Upjohn Institute for Employment Research pays non établi dans la noticeOrganisation à but non lucratif
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University of Wisconsin-Madison pays non établi dans la noticeUniversité ou école supérieure
Central Michigan University, California University of Pennsylvania et University of Wisconsin System, avec 4 autres affiliations.
Une affiliation ne permet pas de déduire la nationalité d’un auteur.