Bladder Cancer Mortality Trend in Montenegro: 1990-2021

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Background: Bladder cancer accounts for more than 200,000 deaths annually on a global level, with an age-standardized mortality rate of 2.9 per 100,000 individuals. Despite declining global rates, it remains a substantial public health burden. We aimed to analyze the mortality trend of bladder cancer in Montenegro and identify the measures taken to combat this tumor. Methods: Bladder cancer mortality data in Montenegro from 1990 to 2021 were collected. Mortality rates were age-standardized to the World Standard Population. The joinpoint, linear and Poisson regressions were used to assess bladder cancer mortality trend. Results: There was a consistent increase in mortality rates due to bladder cancer, with statistical significance for both the overall population and specifically for males, with an average annual percent change (AAPC) of 1.5% (95% CI: 1.5 (0.5-2.9)) and 1.6% (AAPC (95% CI): 1.6 (0.4-3.3)) respectively. Additionally, there was a notable annual increase in the number of bladder cancer cases: average annual increase was 3.4% for the overall population, 3.5% in male and 2.9% in female, with statistical parameters (AAPC (95% CI), P-value) for join point regression: 3.4 (2.4-4.8), <0.001; 3.5 (2.3-5.1), 0.003; and 2.9 (1.2-5.1), 0.004, respectively. The majority of bladder cancer deaths occurred in the age groups of 65-74 (35.8%), 75-84 (33.6%), and 55-64 (16.8%). Conclusion: The ongoing increase in bladder cancer mortality in Montenegro, particularly among men and elderly should encourage policymakers to take action to reverse this unfavorable trend.

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