Dose Calculation Algorithms

Le résumé fourni par la source

The dose calculation algorithm is the foundation of the clinical treatment planning systems and is a fundamental component of ensuring safe and effective radiation therapy. This chapter provides an overview of dose calculation systems within proton therapy, highlighting their mechanisms and principles of operation essential for accurate dose prediction and treatment planning. The chapter outlines the two major types of dose calculation engines used today—analytical algorithms and Monte Carlo codes, detailing the essential physics models, mechanisms, and differences in computational approach. The chapter surveys performances of analytical and Monte Carlo methods, focusing on their accuracy and speed in clinical scenarios. Notably, modern-day dose engines are moving beyond just modeling the physical dose, providing different biophysical quantities and parameters such as linear energy transfer, dose-rate, and variable relative biological effectiveness (RBE) that may help increase safety and efficacy. The chapter concludes with an in-depth discussion of emerging trends in proton therapy dose calculation including online adaptive therapy, integration of artificial intelligence, and the importance of dose calculation in quality assurance.

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