Synthesis, anti-cancer evaluation and in vitro study of some novel pyrrolo-pyrimidine scaffolds

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Following their synthesis in good to medium yields, pyrrole-pyrimidine-5-cyano scaffolds (2 and 4) were tested for anti-cancer efficacy using the MTT assay against ovarian cancer (SKOV-3) and breast cancer (MCF-7) cell lines. The IC50 values of 1031.135 µg/mL and 846.4994 μg/mL, respectively, were obtained from cytotoxicity assays conducted on the SKOV-3 and MCF-7 cell lines, which demonstrated a substantial decrease in cell viability. Apoptosis and Cell cycle arrest were also carried out to configure the primary contact with cancer cell lines, and N-pyrrole-pyrimidine-5-cyano 2a demonstrated the most anti-cancer efficacy against both tested cell lines in the in vitro assay. Additionally, the molecular docking research revealed that compound (2a) interacts significantly with active sites of Cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK-2) (PDB: 5ANJ) and Cyclin-dependent kinase 6 (CDK-6) (PDB: 5LT2). In order to determine the primary method of action, enzymatic assays were also conducted on CDK2 and CDK6 utilizing specialized Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) Kits. Our findings indicated that compound (2a) has the potential to be an effective cancer treatment.

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