Fabrication of CuO NP for NO2 Gas Sensing

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NO2 is a very dangerous gas that is mainly emitted from fossil fuels and is a major cause of air pollution. It has environmental problems cause by acid rain and has a bad effect on human health. In this study, mesoporous CuOx nanoparticles (NPs) were successfully synthesized using a low-temperature sol–gel method. Subsequently, the synthesized NPs were annealed at temperatures of 250, 350, and 450 °C. The Properties of the synthesized samples showed that the size of NPs increased with increasing annealing treatment, while the surface area decreased. The samples annealed at 250°C/2h exhibited significantly higher surface area compared to the samples annealed at 350°C and 450°C, thanks to their finer particle size and mesoporous properties. Resistive gas sensors incorporating these samples were successfully fabricated and tested for sensitivity towards both NO2 (oxidizing gas) and H2S (reducing gas) at 200 °C. The sensor with the mesoporous CuOx NPs annealed at the lowest temperature (250 °C) exhibited an enhanced response to NO2 gas but no response to H2S. The strong response to NO2 gas is considered to be due to the high surface area of the sensing layer which provides plenty of adsorption sites for gas molecules and the oxidizing nature of NO2 gas with high affinity to electrons. These findings highlight the effectiveness of the sol–gel method in synthesizing CuO NPs for gas sensing, as well as the need for optimizing the annealing temperature to maximize the sensor response.

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