The future of cancer treatment: combining radiotherapy with immunotherapy
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Le résumé fourni par la source
Radiotherapy (RT) and immunotherapy (IT) are the powerful tools for cancer treatment which act through the stimulation of immune response, and evidence suggest that combinatorial actions of these therapies may augment each other's beneficial effect through complex synergistic mechanisms. These molecular strategies are designed to target rapidly dividing cancer cells by either directly or indirectly inducing DNA damage. However, when cells detect DNA damage, they activate a range of signalling pathways known as the DNA damage response (DDR) to repair. Strategies are being developed to interfere with the DDR pathways in cancer cells to ensure their damage-induced degeneration. The stability of a cell's genetic material is largely dependent on the efficacy of DNA repair and therefore, an in-depth understanding of DNA damages and repair mechanism(s) in cancer cells is important to develop a promising therapeutic strategies for ensuring the efficacy of damage-induced tumor cell death. In recent years, a wide range of small molecule drugs have been developed which are currently being employed to combat the DNA repair deficiencies associated with tumor cells. Sequential or concurrent use of these two modalities significantly enhances the anti-tumor response, however with a concurrent probability of increased incidence of symptomatic adverse effects. With advent of newer IT agents, and administration of higher doses of radiation per fraction, such effects are more difficult to predict owing to the paucity of randomized trial data. It is well established that anti cytotoxic-T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA-4), anti- Programmed cell death protein 1(PD-1), anti-Programmed cell death one ligand 1 (PD-L1) can be safely administered with RT and many studies have demonstrated survival benefit with such combination for patients with metastatic malignancy. However, the biology of radioimmunotherapy (RT/IT) is still an open area where research need to be focused to determine optimum dosage specially the interaction of the RT/IT pathways to determine optimum dosing schedule. In the current article we have summarised the possible intracellular immunological events that might be triggered when RT and IT modalities are combined with the DDR antagonists and highlighted present clinical practices, outcome, and toxicity profile of this novel treatment strategy.
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Le contrôle bibliographique ouvert
DOI retrouvé dans Crossref DOI retrouvé ; titre concordant.
- Titre Crossref
- The future of cancer treatment: combining radiotherapy with immunotherapy
- Date Crossref
- 09/07/2024
- Éditeur
- Frontiers Media SA
- Type
- journal-article
Ce recoupement confirme des métadonnées liées au DOI. Il ne confirme ni la méthode ni les conclusions de l’étude, et il ne compte pas comme une seconde source scientifique indépendante.
Où se fait cette recherche
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All India Institute of Medical Sciences Department of Medical Oncology pays non établi dans la noticeUniversité ou école supérieure
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Islamic University of Science and Technology Watson-Crick Centre for Molecular Medicine pays non établi dans la noticeUniversité ou école supérieure
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NYU Langone Health Department of Medicine pays non établi dans la noticeÉtablissement de santé
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Lady Hardinge Medical College pays non établi dans la noticeUniversité ou école supérieure
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Texas A&M Health Science Center pays non établi dans la noticeUniversité ou école supérieure
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The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston Department of Neurobiology and Department of Neurology pays non établi dans la noticeUniversité ou école supérieure
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Department of Human Genetics-Precision Medicine in Diabetes pays non établi dans la noticeInstitution
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Lady Harding Medical College Department of Biochemistry pays non établi dans la noticeUniversité ou école supérieure
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Texas A and M College of Medicine Center for Genomics and Precision Medicine pays non établi dans la noticeUniversité ou école supérieure
Department of Medical Oncology — All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Watson-Crick Centre for Molecular Medicine — Islamic University of Science and Technology et Department of Medicine — NYU Langone Health, avec 6 autres affiliations.
Une affiliation ne permet pas de déduire la nationalité d’un auteur.