Peptides of Biotechnological Interest: General Concepts, Production, Purification and Chemical Characterization

Le résumé fourni par la source

Peptides are macromolecules composed of two (dipeptides), 10 (decapeptides) or dozens of amino acid residues (oligopeptides) linked by amide bonds mainly involving α-carbonyl and α-amine groups (peptide bonds). The amino acids are in the L (or S) configuration, but some natural peptides contain amino acids in the D (or R) configuration. Peptides can also be chemically modified into reactive groups such as amine, carboxyl (COOH), hydroxyl ( – OH) or sulfhydryl ( – SH), as shown in Figure 21.1 . Figure 21.1 General structure of a tetrapeptide. Peptide bonds shown in grey. X = –NH 2 (amine group α), Pyr = pyroglutamic acid, Ac = acetyl, For = formyl, R1-R4 = usual or unusual α-amino acid side chains, Y = phosphate or sulfate group; Z = OH (free carboxyl), NH 2 = Carboxyl-terminal amidation, CH 2 -R = esterified carboxyl group. In cyclic peptides, X = NH and Z = non-existent due to amide bond between N-terminal amino acid and C-terminal amino acid. In peptides containing cysteine residues (e.g., R1 and R4 = CH 2 -SH), the sulfhydryl groups can be reduced or oxidized (-CH 2 -S-S-CH 2 -). https://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" orientation="portrait" position="float" xlink:href=" https://s3-euw1-ap-pe-df-pch-content-public-p.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/9781032726823/5a5cae14-4c32-4519-9431-279ba27db71f/content/fig21_1.tif "/>

Ce résumé expose les affirmations des auteurs. BNTIC ne l’interprète pas comme une validation indépendante des résultats.