Timing of vagus nerve stimulation during fear extinction determines efficacy in a rat model of PTSD
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Le résumé fourni par la source
Studies have indicated that vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) enhances extinction learning in rodent models. Here, we investigated if pairing VNS with the conditioned stimulus is required for the enhancing effects of VNS. Adult Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed to intense stress followed by fear conditioning training to produce resistant fear. Rats were then implanted with a cuff electrode around the left vagus. After recovery, rats underwent extinction training paired with VNS (0.5 s, 0.8 mA, 100 µs, and 30 Hz) or with Sham VNS (0 mA). VNS rats were randomized into the following subgroups: During VNS (delivered during presentations of the conditioned stimulus, CS), Between VNS (delivered between CS presentations), Continuous VNS (delivered during the entire extinction session), and Dispersed VNS (delivered at longer inter-stimulation intervals across the extinction session). Sham VNS rats failed to extinguish the conditioned fear response over 5 days of repeated exposure to the CS. Rats that received Between or Dispersed VNS showed modest improvement in conditioned fear at the retention test. During and Continuous VNS groups displayed the greatest reduction in conditioned fear. These findings indicate that delivering VNS paired precisely with CS presentations or continuously throughout extinction promotes the maximum enhancement in extinction learning.
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Le contrôle bibliographique ouvert
DOI retrouvé dans Crossref DOI retrouvé ; titre concordant.
- Titre Crossref
- Timing of vagus nerve stimulation during fear extinction determines efficacy in a rat model of PTSD
- Date Crossref
- 03/10/2022
- Éditeur
- Springer Science and Business Media LLC
- Type
- journal-article
Ce recoupement confirme des métadonnées liées au DOI. Il ne confirme ni la méthode ni les conclusions de l’étude, et il ne compte pas comme une seconde source scientifique indépendante.
Où se fait cette recherche
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Texas Biomedical Research Institute pays non établi dans la noticeStructure de recherche
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The University of Texas at Dallas Texas Biomedical Device Center pays non établi dans la noticeUniversité ou école supérieure
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Baylor University Medical Center pays non établi dans la noticeÉtablissement de santé
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School of Behavioral Brain Sciences pays non établi dans la noticeUniversité ou école supérieure
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Erik Jonsson School of Engineering and Computer Science pays non établi dans la noticeUniversité ou école supérieure
Texas Biomedical Research Institute, Texas Biomedical Device Center — The University of Texas at Dallas et Baylor University Medical Center, avec 2 autres affiliations.
Une affiliation ne permet pas de déduire la nationalité d’un auteur.