p53 Point Mutations in Fine-Needle Aspirated Breast Cancer Cells and Their DNA Ploidy Patterns

Le résumé fourni par la source

Breast cancer cells can be obtained derectly from the patient with minimal damage by fine-needle sampling. The method of aspiration biopsy cytology (ABC) by fine-needle aspiration was developed that enabled us to prepare cancer cell nuclei for detection of p53 gene mutation by PCR-SSCP. Fine-needle sam-pling was successfully performed on 49 patients with breast tumor. Thirty-one aspirated specimens (63.3%) produced enough malignant material for assess-ment ; 18 were diagnosed as being cytologically benign. In 49 patients, surgical specimens from the same tumors were examined for DNA aneuploid and S-phase fraction using flow cytometry. Twenty-four of the 31 breast cancer specimens (77.4%) were classified as aneuploid pattern. p53 gene mutations were detected in 15 patients (48.4%) ; all showed point mutations. In this series, no significant correlation was found with respect to the factors such as aneuploidy, p53 muta-tion, and ER in various tumor size or menopausal status. On the contrary, there was a significant relationship between aneuploidy pattern and p53 mutation ; fifteen p53 mutated cancer cell samples showed all aneuploid patterns. Further-more, these 2 factors showed a tendency of high incidence in advanced clinical stage, histologic grade, and tumor size. Thus, taking ABC into consideration, a combined examination of p53 mutation and DNA histograms derived from flow cytometry in fresh tissue samples could be a valuable tool in clinical use for biological evaluation of breast cancer.

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