Aspergillus niger Spores Are Highly Resistant to Space Radiation
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Le résumé fourni par la source
The filamentous fungus Aspergillus niger is one of the main contaminants of the International Space Station (ISS). It forms highly pigmented, airborne spores that have thick cell walls and low metabolic activity, enabling them to withstand harsh conditions and colonize spacecraft surfaces. Whether A. niger spores are resistant to space radiation, and to what extent, is not yet known. In this study, spore suspensions of a wild-type and three mutant strains (with defects in pigmentation, DNA repair and polar growth control) were exposed to X-rays, cosmic radiation (helium and iron-ions) and UV-C (254 nm). To assess the level of resistance and survival limits of fungal spores in a long-term interplanetary mission scenario, we tested radiation doses up to 1000 Gy and 4000 J/m2. For comparison, a 360-day round-trip to Mars yields a dose of 0.66 ± 0.12 Gy. Overall, wild-type spores of A. niger were able to withstand high doses of X-ray (LD90 = 360 Gy) and cosmic radiation (helium-ion LD90 = 500 Gy; and iron-ion LD90= 100 Gy). Drying the spores before irradiation made them more susceptible towards X-ray radiation. Notably, A. niger spores are highly resistant to UV-C radiation (LD90 = 1038 J/m2), which is significantly higher than that of other radiation-resistant microorganisms (e.g. Deinococcus radiodurans). In all strains, UV-C treated spores (1000 J/m2) were shown to have decreased biofilm formation (81 % reduction in wild-type spores). This study suggests that A. niger spores might not be easily inactivated by exposure to space radiation alone and that current planetary protection guidelines should be revisited, considering the high resistance of fungal spores.
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Le contrôle bibliographique ouvert
DOI retrouvé dans Crossref DOI retrouvé ; titre concordant.
- Titre Crossref
- Aspergillus niger Spores Are Highly Resistant to Space Radiation
- Date Crossref
- 03/04/2020
- Éditeur
- Frontiers Media SA
- Type
- journal-article
Ce recoupement confirme des métadonnées liées au DOI. Il ne confirme ni la méthode ni les conclusions de l’étude, et il ne compte pas comme une seconde source scientifique indépendante.
Où se fait cette recherche
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Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e. V. (DLR) pays non établi dans la noticeStructure de recherche
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National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology pays non établi dans la noticeStructure de recherche
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Technische Universität Berlin pays non établi dans la noticeUniversité ou école supérieure
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Institute of Aerospace Medicine Radiation Biology Department pays non établi dans la noticeStructure de recherche
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National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology Department of Basic Medical Sciences for Radiation Damages pays non établi dans la noticeStructure de recherche
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Institute of Biotechnology Chair of Applied and Molecular Microbiology pays non établi dans la noticeStructure de recherche
Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e. V. (DLR), National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology et Technische Universität Berlin, avec 3 autres affiliations.
Une affiliation ne permet pas de déduire la nationalité d’un auteur.