Exercise ameliorates neurocognitive impairments in a translational model of pediatric radiotherapy
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Le résumé fourni par la source
Background: While cranial radiation therapy (CRT) is an effective treatment, healthy areas surrounding irradiation sites are negatively affected. Frontal lobe functions involving attention, processing speed, and inhibition control are impaired. These deficits appear months to years after CRT and impair quality of life. Exercise has been shown to rejuvenate the brain and aid in recovery post-injury through its effects on neurogenesis and cognition. Methods: We developed a juvenile rodent CRT model that reproduces neurocognitive deficits. Next, we utilized the model to test whether exercise ameliorates these deficits. Fischer rats (31 days old) were irradiated with a fractionated dose of 4 Gy × 5 days, trained and tested at 6, 9, and 12 months post-CRT using 5-choice serial reaction time task. After testing, fixed rat brains were imaged using diffusion tensor imaging and immunohistochemistry. Results: CRT caused early and lasting impairments in task acquisition, accuracy, and latency to correct response, as well as causing stunting of growth and changes in brain volume and diffusion. Exercising after irradiation improved acquisition, behavioral control, and processing speed, mitigated the stunting of brain size, and increased brain fiber numbers compared with sedentary CRT values. Further, exercise partially restored global connectome organization, including assortativity and characteristic path length, and while it did not improve the specific regional connections that were lowered by CRT, it appeared to remodel these connections by increasing connectivity between alternate regional pairs. Conclusions: Our data strongly suggest that exercise may be useful in combination with interventions aimed at improving cognitive outcome following pediatric CRT.
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Le contrôle bibliographique ouvert
DOI retrouvé dans Crossref DOI retrouvé ; titre concordant.
- Titre Crossref
- Exercise ameliorates neurocognitive impairments in a translational model of pediatric radiotherapy
- Date Crossref
- 07/11/2017
- Éditeur
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Type
- journal-article
Ce recoupement confirme des métadonnées liées au DOI. Il ne confirme ni la méthode ni les conclusions de l’étude, et il ne compte pas comme une seconde source scientifique indépendante.
Où se fait cette recherche
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University of Houston Department of Psychology pays non établi dans la noticeUniversité ou école supérieure
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Baylor College of Medicine Department of Pediatrics pays non établi dans la noticeUniversité ou école supérieure
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Children's Cancer Center pays non établi dans la noticeOrganisation à but non lucratif
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The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center Department of Neuro-Oncology pays non établi dans la noticeÉtablissement de santé
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Methodist Hospital Department of Surgery pays non établi dans la noticeÉtablissement de santé
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Texas Children's Hospital Psychology Service pays non établi dans la noticeOrganisme public
Department of Psychology — University of Houston, Department of Pediatrics — Baylor College of Medicine et Children's Cancer Center, avec 3 autres affiliations.
Une affiliation ne permet pas de déduire la nationalité d’un auteur.