Salmonellosis in TAB Vaccinated Population Island of Oahu, Hawaii

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WATERBORNE INFECTIONS due to enteric bacteria are practically nonexist- ent in Hawaii today.No outbreak of typhoid fever, paratyphoid fever, or dysentery has been reported for more than 30 years.Hawaii is unique with respect to immunization against typhoid and paratyphoid fevers, since it is one of very few communities, and possibly the only U.S. civilian community, where vaccination against these enteric pathogens is compulsory.In 1942, the entire population was inoculated against typhoid, paratyphoid A, and paraty¬ phoid B under Army auspices, and such vacci¬ nation was thereafter made mandatory at 3 years of age.TAB (typhoid, paratyphoid A, paratyphoid B) vaccination has since continued under Territorial and State law and regula¬ tions of the Hawaii State Health Department.Salmonellosis was made reportable in 1951, and in 1953 TAB vaccination was urged at the age of about 1 year, though not made mandatory.Consequently, today, the entire population over 4 years of age and many children 1-4 years of age are presumably protected against these long-recognized Salmonella types.The effect of this immunization program on the incidence of typhoid cases and deaths has been very striking and gratifying.For exam¬ ple, in the 10 years prior to TAB vaccination, 678 typhoid fever cases and 97 deaths were re¬ ported compared with only 31 cases and 5 deaths during the decade following institutionThe authors are with the bureau of laboratories and epidemiology, Hawaii State Department of Health.This paper is based on a presentation at the Tenth Pacific Science Congress at Honolulu, August 1961. of vaccination, reductions of 95 percent in cases and 83 percent in deaths.The effect of TAB

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