RT NORRIS

Cattle deaths during sea transport from Australia

RT NORRIS, RB RICHARDS, JH CREEPER, TF JUBB et autres

OBJECTIVE: To establish the death rate and the causes of death in cattle exported by sea from Australia. PROCEDURE: Cattle deaths on voyages from Australia to all destinations between 1995 and 2000 were analysed retrospectively. On four voyages to the Middle East …

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Mortality of sheep exported by sea: evidence of similarity by farm group and of regional differences

ARB HIGGS, RT NORRIS, RA LOVE, GJ NORMAN

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether mortality of sheep exported by sea is similar for sheep from the same farm exported in different years or is associated with the region of origin. DESIGN: Mortalities were monitored in farm groups of sheep exported from the …

au (code pays fourni par la source)

Evidence for freedom from Johne's disease in cattle and goats in Western Australia

TM ELLIS, RT NORRIS, PAJ MARTIN, RH CASEY et autres

au (code pays fourni par la source)

Contagious ecthyma in the live sheep export industry

ARB HIGGS, RT NORRIS, FC BALDOCK, NJ Campbell et autres

OBJECTIVE: To investigate control options for contagious ecthyma (scabby mouth) in Australian sheep exported live to the Middle East. DESIGN: Prevalence, vaccination and modelling studies. PROCEDURE: One hundred and forty weaner sheep (less than 1 year old) on each of 106 farms …

au, cz (code pays fourni par la source)

Distribution of lesions in ovine salmonellosis

RB RICHARDS, RT NORRIS, ARB HIGGS

Four forms of salmonellosis were recognised in feedlots and during transport by sea: septicaemic, and acute, subacute and chronic enteric. The severity and distribution of lesions in the enteric forms varied according to the progression of the pathological process. The acute disease …

au (code pays fourni par la source)

Epidemiology of salmonellosis in the live sheep export industry

ARE HIGGS, RT NORRIS, RB RICHARDS

SUMMARYSalmonellosis in sheep was studied on 7 commercial voyages from Australia to the Middle East and in one animal house study. Faecal excretion of salmonellas was not a good indicator of pathological changes in the gastrointestinal tract. The ratio of the proportion …

au (code pays fourni par la source)

The duration of lot‐feeding of sheep before sea transport

RT NORRIS, RB RICHARDS, GJ NORMAN

Adult wethers (n = 750) were lot-fed for 13 days, 8 days or 3 days before a simulated voyage lasting 18 days to examine whether the period of lot-feeding affected the proportion of sheep that ate pelleted feed and their body weight …

au (code pays fourni par la source)

Seasonal metabolic factors may be responsible for deaths in sheep exported by sea

RB RICHARDS, MW Hyder, Jack D. Fry, ND Costa et autres

Metabolic responses to persistent inappetance were studied in sheep transported by sea from Australia to the Arabian Gulf in May and August. In the May voyage inappetant sheep successfully mobilised fat and generated ketones to supply energy and few died (0.83%). However, …

Season, age and adiposity influence death rates in sheep exported by sea

ARB HIGGS, RT NORRIS, RB RICHARDS

A study was conducted to determine the role of season, age and adiposity in the cause of sheep deaths during sea transport from Fremantle to the Middle East. Death rates were higher in the second half of the year in 4 of …

Management of inappetant sheep during export by sea

RT NORRIS, CL McDONALD, RB RICHARDS, MW Hyder et autres

SUMMARY In the first of 2 experiments, a simulated voyage was conducted to examine the effects of various treatments on bodyweight change and feeding frequency of inappetant sheep at the end of lot‐feeding (non‐feeders). The treatments, applied during simulated shipping, were: normal …

au (code pays fourni par la source)

Feeding behaviour of Merino wethers under conditions similar to lot-feeding before live export

CL McDonald, RT NORRIS, EJ Speijers, H. I. Ridings

Sheep from different farms (lines) in Western Australia were mixed in 3 experiments and lot-fed for 6-7 days as if for export. A marking method to identify sheep which eat from troughs was tested and used to examine the effects of feeding …

Pre‐embarkation risk factors for sheep deaths during export by sea from Western Australia

RT NORRIS, RB RICHARDS, RH DUNLOP

Truck-drivers and previous owners of sheep from 133 farms (lines of sheep) were asked for information on possible risk factors for inappetance during lot-feeding and for shipboard mortality during 5 voyages to the Middle East. There was no consistent association between a …

au (code pays fourni par la source)