Keisuke Nakajima

Effects of Thyroid Hormone Receptor α Gene Knockout on Hindlimb and Intestinal Development in Pre‐Metamorphic Xenopus tropicalis Larvae

Shuhei Ogawa, Keisuke Nakajima, Nobuaki Furuno, Ichiro Tazawa

During anuran metamorphosis, rapid and extensive morphological transformations occur throughout the body, and these changes are triggered by the thyroid hormone. The thyroid hormone receptor (TR) is a nuclear receptor that is present in all vertebrates. TR binds specific DNA sequences to …

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Expression of hox Genes and Genes Related to Limb Development During the Homeotic Transformation of Tails Into Limbs Induced by Vitamin A in the Anuran Rana ornativentris

Yoshio Yaoita, Keisuke Nakajima, Nobuaki Furuno, Ichiro Tazawa

Anuran tadpoles regenerate their tails after amputation. However, when vitamin A is administered, some anuran species such as Rana ornativentris occasionally form ectopic limbs instead of tail. Few analyses of this phenomenon at the molecular level exist. To investigate the molecular mechanisms …

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Universal Improvement of In Situ Hybridization Chain Reaction by Reducing Background Signals Caused by Single Probes

Yudai Kuboe, Kensuke Nakanishi, Ichiro Tazawa, Keisuke Nakajima

The in situ hybridization chain reaction (HCR) method involves designing multiple target sequences and a pair of split probes for each target. One split probe contains the complementary sequence for half of the target along with part of the initiation sequence. The …

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Mfge8 Knockout Affects Tail Resorption Speed During Xenopus Metamorphosis

Akio Nishikawa, Ryohei Hara, Yi Mu, Mai Matsumoto et autres

expression during the metamorphic climax contributes to the tail resorption.

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Removal of the Ilium and its Primordium Does Not Affect the Morphology of the Sacral Rib in the Newt Pleurodeles waltl

Masako Yoshimura, Ichiro Tazawa, Kensuke Nakanishi, Keisuke Nakajima et autres

The sacroiliac joint, articulating the sacrum with the ilium, evolved in a common ancestor of tetrapods as they transitioned from aquatic to terrestrial environments. This skeletal connection between the hindlimb and the trunk plays an important role in terrestrial limb-driven locomotion. Nevertheless, …

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Generation of translucent Xenopus tropicalis through triple knockout of pigmentation genes

Keisuke Nakajima, Ichiro Tazawa, Nobuaki Furuno

Amphibians generally have three types of pigment cells, namely, melanophores (black and brown), xanthophores (yellow and red), and iridophores (iridescent). Single knockout of the tyr, slc2a7, and hps6 genes in Xenopus tropicalis results in the absence of melanophores, xanthophores, and iridophores, respectively. …

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Osteological and histological comparison of the development of the interphalangeal intercalary skeletal element between hyloid and ranoid anurans

Kensuke Nakanishi, Nao Hasegawa, Koichi Takeo, Keisuke Nakajima et autres

Some frog species have a unique skeletal element, referred to as the intercalary element (IE), in the joints between the terminal and subterminal phalanges of all digits. IEs are composed of cartilage or connective tissue and have a markedly differ shape than …

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Intravital staining to detect mineralization in Xenopus tropicalis during and after metamorphosis

Keisuke Nakajima, Souta Yabumoto, Ichiro Tazawa, Nobuaki Furuno

Observing mineralization is essential for studying skeletal development, maintenance, and regeneration. Calcein and alizarin red have long been used to visualize mineralization in fixed specimens, but this requires the target animals to be sacrificed. However, several intravital bone-staining methods have been developed …

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Sperm MMP‐2 is indispensable for fast electrical block to polyspermy at fertilization in Xenopus tropicalis

Mami Watabe, Azusa Hiraiwa, Mami Sakai, Tomoyo Ueno et autres

Sperm matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) is necessary for frog fertilization. Monospermy is ensured by a fast, electrical block to polyspermy mediated by a positive fertilization potential. To determine the role of the MMP-2 hemopexin domain (HPX) in a fast block to polyspermy during …

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Generation of no‐yellow‐pigment Xenopus tropicalis by slc2a7 gene knockout

Keisuke Nakajima, Masaki Shimamura, Nobuaki Furuno

BACKGROUND: Amphibians possess three kinds of dermal chromatophore: melanophores, iridophores, and xanthophores. Knockout Xenopus tropicalis that lack the pigmentation of melanophores and iridophores have been reported. The identification of the causal genes for xanthophore pigmentation or differentiation could lead to the creation …

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Comprehensive RNA-Seq analysis of notochord-enriched genes induced during Xenopus tropicalis tail resorption

Keisuke Nakajima, Yuta Tanizaki, Nga Luu, Hongen Zhang et autres

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A unique role of thyroid hormone receptor β in regulating notochord resorption during Xenopus metamorphosis

Keisuke Nakajima, Ichiro Tazawa, Yun‐Bo Shi

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