Ashley N. Nelson

Germline-targeting HIV Envelope SOSIP immunization more frequently elicits broadly-neutralizing antibody precursor responses in infant compared to juvenile rhesus macaques

Yasmine Issah, Xintao Hu, John Isaac, Xiaoying Shen et autres

A vaccine capable of inducing broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs) is essential for effective prevention against HIV in children and adolescents. Germline-targeting vaccine strategies aim to stimulate bnAb precursor B cells through carefully designed immunogens, such as the stabilized SOSIP trimers, which mimic …

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439 Biomarkers for HIV neutralization breadth development in early life

Ashley N. Nelson, Zeynep Bahadır, Kenneth Vuong, Maria L. Dennis et autres

Objectives/Goals: A key strategy in generating a protective HIV vaccine is the elicitation of broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs), capable of neutralizing a large diversity of HIV-1 isolates. The goal of this study is to identify molecular signatures of HIV bnAb development early …

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In utero human cytomegalovirus infection expands NK-like FcγRIII+CD8+ T cells that mediate Fc antibody functions

Eleanor C. Semmes, Danielle Nettere, Ashley N. Nelson, Jillian H. Hurst et autres

Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) profoundly impacts host T and NK cells across the lifespan, yet how this common congenital infection modulates developing fetal immune cell compartments remains underexplored. Using cord blood from neonates with and without congenital HCMV (cCMV) infection, we identify an …

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Triple broadly neutralizing antibody (bnAb) combination therapy: a cure for pediatric HIV?

Zeynep Bahadır, Ioanna Pahountis, Kenneth Vuong, Christina Kosman et autres

Abstract Background In 2022, UNAIDS estimated out of the 1.7 million children living with HIV, only 57.1% had access to antiretroviral therapy (ART). Though ART has significantly decreased HIV-associated morbidity and mortality, it cannot eliminate the latent viral reservoir. Consequently, most people …

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Research on Maternal Vaccination for HIV Prevention

Krithika P. Karthigeyan, Christian R. Binuya, Kenneth Vuong, Sallie R. Permar et autres

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Immunization with germ line–targeting SOSIP trimers elicits broadly neutralizing antibody precursors in infant macaques

Ashley N. Nelson, Xiaoying Shen, Sravani Vekatayogi, Shiyu Zhang et autres

Adolescents are a growing population of people living with HIV. The period between weaning and sexual debut presents a low-risk window for HIV acquisition, making early childhood an ideal time for implementing an immunization regimen. Because the elicitation of broadly neutralizing antibodies …

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Analytical Treatment Interruption after Short-Term Antiretroviral Therapy in a Postnatally Simian-Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Infant Rhesus Macaque Model

Koen K. A. Van Rompay, Cameron Mattingly, Jesse F. Mangold, Ria Goswami et autres

To achieve long-term viral remission in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected children, novel strategies beyond early antiretroviral therapy (ART) will be necessary. Identifying clinical predictors of the time to viral rebound upon ART interruption will streamline the development of novel therapeutic strategies and …

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Longer interval between maternal RSV vaccination and birth increases placental transfer efficiency

Ms. Olyvia J. Jasset, Paola Andrea Lopez Zapana, Zeynep Bahadır, Lydia L. Shook et autres

Background: Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) is associated with significant neonatal and infant morbidity and mortality. Maternal bivalent RSVpreF RSV vaccination to protect neonates and infants was approved in September 2023 for administration between 32+0 and 36+6 weeks to protect neonates and infants. …

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The Discovery of 7-Isopropoxy-2-(1-methyl-2-oxabicyclo[2.1.1]hexan-4-yl)-N-(6-methylpyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-3-yl)imidazo[1,2-a]pyrimidine-6-carboxamide (BIO-7488), a Potent, Selective, and CNS-Penetrant IRAK4 Inhibitor for the Treatment of Ischemic Stroke

Ryan Evans, Philippe N. Bolduc, Magnus Pfaffenbach, Fang Gao et autres

Interleukin receptor-associated kinase 4 (IRAK4) is a key node of signaling within the innate immune system that regulates the production of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines. The presence of d amage- a ssociated m olecular patterns (DAMPs) after tissue damage such as stroke …

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Germline-targeting SOSIP trimer immunization elicits precursor CD4 binding-site targeting broadly neutralizing antibodies in infant macaques

Ashley N. Nelson, Xiaoying Shen, Sravani Vekatayogi, Shiyu Zhang et autres

A vaccine that can achieve protective immunity prior to sexual debut is critical to prevent the estimated 410,000 new HIV infections that occur yearly in adolescents. As children living with HIV can make broadly neutralizing antibody (bnAb) responses in plasma at a …

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In utero human cytomegalovirus infection expands NK cell-like FcγRIII-expressing CD8+ T cells that mediate antibody-dependent functions

Eleanor C. Semmes, Danielle Nettere, Ashley N. Nelson, Jillian H. Hurst et autres

Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) profoundly modulates host T and natural killer (NK) cells across the lifespan, expanding unique effector cells bridging innate and adaptive immunity. Though HCMV is the most common congenital infection worldwide, how this ubiquitous herpesvirus impacts developing fetal T and …

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Leveraging antigenic seniority for maternal vaccination to prevent mother-to-child transmission of HIV-1

Ashley N. Nelson, Maria L. Dennis, Jesse F. Mangold, Katherine Li et autres

The development of a maternal HIV vaccine to synergize with current antiretroviral drug prophylaxis can overcome implementation challenges and further reduce mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of HIV. Both the epitope-specificity and autologous neutralization capacity of maternal HIV envelope (Env)-specific antibodies have been implicated …

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