Robina Bashir

The Role of Combined Quinary Refinement Scheme in Geometric Modeling

Pakeeza Ashraf, Kaneez Fatima, Robina Bashir

In this paper, we introduce a novel combined 5-point quinary refinement scheme that incorporates five parameters to enhance its adaptability and resilience. The development of the scheme stands on translating a 3-point approximating quinary refinement scheme to the new location by introducing …

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Univariate approximating schemes and their non-tensor product generalization

Ghulam Mustafa, Robina Bashir

Abstract This article deals with univariate binary approximating subdivision schemes and their generalization to non-tensor product bivariate subdivision schemes. The two algorithms are presented with one tension and two integer parameters which generate families of univariate and bivariate schemes. The tension parameter …

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A Family of 6-Point n-Ary Interpolating Subdivision Schemes

Robina Bashir, Ghulam Mustafa

We derive three-step algorithm based on divided difference to generate a class of 6-point n-ary interpolating sub-division schemes. In this technique second order divided differences have been calculated at specific position and used to insert new vertices. Interpolating sub-division schemes are more …

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A class of shape preserving 5-point n-ary approximating schemes

Robina Bashir, Ghulam Mustafa, Praveen Agarwal

A new class of shape preserving relaxed 5-point \(n\)-ary approximating subdivision schemes is presented. Further, the conditions on the initial data assuring monotonicity, convexity and concavity preservation of the limit functions are derived. Furthermore, some significant properties of ternary and quaternary subdivision …

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Generalization of Binary Tensor Product Schemes Depends upon Four Parameters

Robina Bashir, Mehwish Bari, Ghulam Mustafa

This article deals with general formulae of parametric and non parametric bivariate subdivision scheme with four parameters.By assigning specific values to those parameters we get some special cases of existing tensor product schemes as well as a new proposed scheme.The behavior of …

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3n-Point Quaternary Shape Preserving Subdivision Schemes

Mehwish Bari, Robina Bashir, Ghulam Mustafa

In this paper, an algorithm is defined to construct 3n-point quaternary approximating subdivision schemes which are useful to design different geometric objects in the field of geometric modeling. We are going to establish a family of approximating schemes because approximating scheme provide …

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Study of Subdivision Schemes and their impact on Geometric Modeling and Computer Graphics

Robina Bashir

Four-Point n -Ary Interpolating Subdivision Schemes

Ghulam Mustafa, Robina Bashir

We present an efficient and simple algorithm to generate 4-pointn-ary interpolating schemes. Our algorithm is based on three simple steps: second divided differences, determination of position of vertices by using second divided differences, and computation of new vertices. It is observed that …

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Composition of Understory Vegetation in Major Shrub Species of Cholistan Desert, Pakistan

Muhammad Nisar, Farrukh Jaleel, Yasmeen Toor, Sajil Ismail et autres

5 Abstract: Current study was done in Cholistan desert (27° 42' and 29° 45' North and longitudes 69° 52' and 75° 24' East) to study the understory vegetation of major shrub species. Phytosociological as well as soil chemistry were analysed to find …

Morpho-Anatomical Adaptability Potential of Lasiurus scindicus

Muhammad Nisar, Abdul Majeed, Muhammad Arshad, Younas Sohail et autres

Morpho-anatomical adaptability potential of fourteen accessions of Lasiurus scindicus (Henr.) collected from the Cholistan desert, Pakistan during 2005 was evaluated. Data collected revealed considerable variation for flag leaf area, number of hairs on upper surface of the leaf, number of hairs on …

Endofunctors of set and cardinalities

A. S. Barkhudaryan, Robina Bashir, Věra Trnková

Les foncteurs F: K → H qui sont naturellement equivalents a tout foncteur G: K → H tel que FX soit isomorphe a GX pour tout X sont appeles foncteurs DVO. Les auteurs etudient les foncteurs DVO dans la categorie Set des …