Accès ouvert
2026
article
OpenAlex
Clara M. Ionescu, Erhan Yumuk, Michele Schiavo, Antonio Visioli et autres
Total intravenous anesthesia (TIVA) is a well-established technique for general anesthesia and is increasingly relevant to Europe’s transition toward more digital, sustainable, and patient-centred healthcare. However, its use remains uneven across centres and still depends heavily on population-based drug models, variable monitoring …
be, tr, it, fr, ro
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Accès ouvert
2026
article
OpenAlex
Marco Milanesi, Luca Consolini, Giulia Di Credico, Nicola Latronico et autres
This paper presents a Model Predictive Control (MPC) approach for Depth-of-Hypnosis (DoH) control in Total IntraVeneous Anesthesia (TIVA), where the Bispectral Index (BIS) signal is the process variable. In particular, a Branch and Bound (BnB) algorithm is employed after the induction phase …
it
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2025
conference-paper
OpenAlex
Marco Milanesi, Luca Consolini, Giulia Di Credico, Nicola Latronico et autres
For personalized anesthesia, it is crucial to have accurate pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) models of anesthetic drugs. Typically, total intravenous anesthesia (TIVA) relies on the combined administration of propofol and remifentanil, which affect the bispectral index (BIS). This paper proposes a model …
it, ca, us
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2025
article
OpenAlex
Nicola Paolino, Michele Schiavo, Fabrizio Padula, Nicola Latronico et autres
In this article, we design and evaluate a fractional-order proportional-integral-derivative (FOPID) controller for the regulation of total intravenous anesthesia (TIVA). In particular, the FOPID controller has been designed to regulate the patient’s depth of hypnosis (DoH), measured via the bispectral index (BIS) …
it, au
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Accès ouvert
2025
article
OpenAlex
Mattia Fregolent, Michele Schiavo, Nicola Latronico, Massimiliano Paltenghi et autres
General anesthesia, typically induced using a combination of hypnotic (propofol) and analgesic (remifentanil) drugs, is crucial for the success of surgical procedures, but it can cause dangerous cardiovascular side effects. In this context, models and simulations offer new opportunities to address the …
it
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Accès ouvert
2024
article
OpenAlex
Michele Schiavo, Massimiliano Paltenghi, Antonio Visioli, Nicola Latronico
Closed-loop administration of propofol during general anesthesia has been extensively researched in recent years due to the availability of depth of hypnosis monitors. Conversely, due to the absence of a reliable indicator of analgesia, closed-loop administration of remifentanil has not been widely …
it
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Accès ouvert
2024
article
OpenAlex
Nicola Paolino, Michele Schiavo, Nicola Latronico, Massimiliano Paltenghi et autres
This paper investigates the use of a recently developed pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic model for the design of a Proportional-Integral-Derivative controller for total intravenous anesthesia. In particular, we consider the administration of propofol as manipulated variable and the BIS signal as the process variable, and …
it
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Accès ouvert
2024
article
OpenAlex
Alberto Noto, Athanasios Chalkias, Fabiana Madotto, Lorenzo Ball et autres
BACKGROUND: Blood pressure has become one of the most important vital signs to monitor in the perioperative setting. Recently, the Italian Society of Anesthesia Analgesia Resuscitation and Intensive Care (SIAARTI) recommended, with low level of evidence, continuous monitoring of blood pressure during …
it, us
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Accès ouvert
2024
article
OpenAlex
Marco Milanesi, Luca Consolini, Giulia Di Credico, Nicola Latronico et autres
In this paper we propose a human-imitating control methodology for the Depth-of-Hypnosys (DoH) in total intravenous anesthesia (TIVA) where the bispectral index (BIS) is used as process variable. The method suitably combines a move-blocking model predictive controller (MPC) that minimizes the time-to-target …
it
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Accès ouvert
2024
article
OpenAlex
Michele Schiavo, Nicola Latronico, Massimiliano Paltenghi, Antonio Visioli
The recent introduction of the Conox monitoring system in the clinical practice of total intravenous anesthesia (TIVA) has opened new research opportunities. Indeed, it provides the qCON and the qNOX indexes, which give a measure of hypnosis and analgesia, respectively. This letter …
it
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Accès ouvert
2024
article
OpenAlex
Michele Schiavo, Nicola Latronico, Massimiliano Paltenghi, Antonio Visioli
Closed-loop control of total intravenous anesthesia (TIVA) is an emerging technology expected to have a significant impact on clinical practice in the upcoming years. However, for these systems to become widely acceptable in clinical practice, they should not aim to replace the …
it
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Accès ouvert
2023
article
OpenAlex
A. Pawłowski, Michele Schiavo, Nicola Latronico, Massimiliano Paltenghi et autres
Abstract In this article, a predictive event‐based control architecture for multivariable drug infusion in the anesthesia process is presented. The control scheme considers a multiple‐input single‐output process, where the depth of hypnosis is the controlled variable and the infusion rates of propofol …
it
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