Jeremy B. Nelson

Molecular Epidemiology of KPC-Producing Escherichia coli: Occurrence of ST131- fimH30 Subclone Harboring pKpQIL-Like IncFIIk Plasmid

Jessica A. O’Hara, Fupin Hu, Chulsoo Ahn, Jeremy B. Nelson et autres

Of 20 Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase (KPC)-producing Escherichia coli isolates identified at hospitals in western Pennsylvania, 60% belonged to the epidemic ST131-fimH30 subclone. IncFIIk was the most common replicon type for the blaKPC-carrying plasmids (n = 8). All IncFIIk plasmids possessed a scaffold …

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Identification of Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor 3 (FGFR3) as a Protein Receptor for Botulinum Neurotoxin Serotype A (BoNT/A)

Birgitte P. S. Jacky, Patton E. Garay, Jérôme Dupuy, Jeremy B. Nelson et autres

Botulinum neurotoxin serotype A (BoNT/A) causes transient muscle paralysis by entering motor nerve terminals (MNTs) where it cleaves the SNARE protein Synaptosomal-associated protein 25 (SNAP25206) to yield SNAP25197. Cleavage of SNAP25 results in blockage of synaptic vesicle fusion and inhibition of the …

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Identification of fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 as a protein receptor for botulinum neurotoxin serotype A

Birgitte P. S. Jacky, Patton E. Garay, Jérôme Dupuy, Jeremy B. Nelson et autres

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Botulinum Neurotoxin Serotype a Specific Cell-Based Potency Assay to Replace the Mouse Bioassay

Ester Fernández‐Salas, Joanne Wang, Yanira Molina, Jeremy B. Nelson et autres

Botulinum neurotoxin serotype A (BoNT/A), a potent therapeutic used to treat various disorders, inhibits vesicular neurotransmitter exocytosis by cleaving SNAP25. Development of cell-based potency assays (CBPAs) to assess the biological function of BoNT/A have been challenging because of its potency. CBPAs can …

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The Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Tat Protein EnhancesCryptosporidium parvum-Induced Apoptosis in Cholangiocytes via a Fas Ligand-Dependent Mechanism

Steven P. O’Hara, Aaron J. Small, Jeremy B. Nelson, Andrew D. Badley et autres

While Cryptosporidium parvum infection of the intestine has been reported in both immunocompetent and immunocompromised individuals, biliary infection is seen primarily in adult AIDS patients and is associated with development of AIDS cholangiopathy. However, the mechanisms of pathogen-induced AIDS cholangiopathy remain unclear. …

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Cryptosporidium parvum infects human cholangiocytes via sphingolipid-enriched membrane microdomains

Jeremy B. Nelson, Steven P. O’Hara, Aaron J. Small, Pamela S. Tietz et autres

Cryptosporidium parvum attaches to intestinal and biliary epithelial cells via specific molecules on host-cell surface membranes including Gal/GalNAc-associated glycoproteins. Subsequent cellular entry of this parasite depends on host-cell membrane alterations to form a parasitophorous vacuole via activation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI-3K)/Cdc42-associated actin …

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Multiple TLRs Are Expressed in Human Cholangiocytes and Mediate Host Epithelial Defense Responses to Cryptosporidium parvum via Activation of NF-κB

Xian‐Ming Chen, Steven P. O’Hara, Jeremy B. Nelson, Patrick L. Splinter et autres

Infection of epithelial cells by Cryptosporidium parvum triggers a variety of host-cell innate and adaptive immune responses including release of cytokines/chemokines and up-regulation of antimicrobial peptides. The mechanisms that trigger these host-cell responses are unclear. Thus, we evaluated the role of TLRs …

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DISTRIBUTION OF CRYPTOSPORIDIUM PARVUM SPOROZOITE APICAL ORGANELLES DURING ATTACHMENT TO AND INTERNALIZATION BY CULTURED BILIARY EPITHELIAL CELLS

Steven P. O’Hara, Bing Q Huang, Xian‐Ming Chen, Jeremy B. Nelson et autres

Although accumulating evidence supports an active role for host cells during Cryptosporidium parvum invasion of epithelia, our knowledge of the underlying parasite-specific processes triggering such events is limited. In an effort to better understand the invasion strategy of C. parvum, we characterized …

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Localized glucose and water influx facilitates Cryptosporidium parvum cellular invasion by means of modulation of host-cell membrane protrusion

Xian‐Ming Chen, Steven P. O’Hara, Bing Q Huang, Patrick L. Splinter et autres

Dynamic membrane protrusions such as lamellipodia and filopodia are driven by actin polymerization and often hijacked by intracellular microbes to enter host cells. The overall rate of membrane protrusion depends on the actin polymerization rate and the increase of localized cell volume. …

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Acetic Acid Induces Expression of the Staphylococcus aureus cidABC and lrgAB Murein Hydrolase Regulator Operons

Kelly C. Rice, Jeremy B. Nelson, Toni G. Patton, Soo‐Jin Yang et autres

The Staphylococcus aureus lrg and cid operons encode homologous proteins that regulate extracellular murein hydrolase activity and penicillin tolerance in a diametrically opposing manner. Although their specific regulatory functions remain unknown, it has been postulated that the functions of CidA and LrgA …

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Apical Organelle Discharge by Cryptosporidium parvum Is Temperature, Cytoskeleton, and Intracellular Calcium Dependent and Required for Host Cell Invasion

Xian‐Ming Chen, Steven P. O’Hara, Bing Q Huang, Jeremy B. Nelson et autres

The apical organelles in apicomplexan parasites are characteristic secretory vesicles containing complex mixtures of molecules. While apical organelle discharge has been demonstrated to be involved in the cellular invasion of some apicomplexan parasites, including Toxoplasma gondii and Plasmodium spp., the mechanisms of …

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Prostate-specific antigen doubling time as a predictor of prostate cancer disease progression and survival

Jeremy B. Nelson, Ann Allen, S. M. Hulting, Jeffrey D. Isaacson et autres

4554 Background: Prostate-specific antigen doubling time (PSADT) has been identified as a predictor of outcome in prostate cancer. Atrasentan, a potent, selective, oral endothelin A receptor antagonist, significantly decreased time to prostate-specific antigen (PSA) progression in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 2 …

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