René Montalba

Agricultural modernization and sustainability trade-offs in Mapuche smallholder farming systems of Southern Chile

René Montalba, Lorena Vieli, Florencia Spirito, Edmundo Muñoz

Agricultural modernization is widely promoted as a pathway to increase productivity, improve rural livelihoods, and enhance the sustainability of food production systems. However, its environmental and economic outcomes may vary substantially across farming contexts, particularly in smallholder and Indigenous systems. This study …

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Dairy intensification increases productivity but reduces economic efficiency and raises environmental impacts: a farm-level assessment in southern Chile

René Montalba, Karen Sánchez, Natalia Escobar, Edmundo Muñoz

Dairy intensification is frequently promoted as a strategy to improve productivity and resource-use efficiency. However, increasing dependence on external inputs may also generate economic and environmental trade-offs. This study evaluated relationships among intensification level, productivity, economic performance, and environmental impacts in five …

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Social–Ecological Memory, Agroecological Diversity and Resilience: A Comparative Analysis After a 10-Year Megadrought Affecting Mapuche and Non-Mapuche Farming Systems in Chile

René Montalba, Clara I. Nicholls, Florencia Spirito, Lorena Vieli et autres

Prolonged drought and rapid land-use transformation are reshaping peasant farming systems worldwide, particularly in regions exposed to extractive agribusiness expansion. This study examines how socio-ecological resilience varies across farming systems differentiated by ethno-cultural background under Chile’s megadrought (2009–2019) in the Araucanía Region. …

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Methodological Approaches to Assess the Resilience of Farming Systems to Climate Change: Examples from Latin America

Clara I. Nicholls, Ángel Salazar-Rojas, Luis Manuel Rochela Vázquez, René Montalba et autres

The erratic nature, increasing prevalence, and intensity of extreme meteorological phenomena are forcing researchers and farmers to urgently develop adaptation practices to enhance the resilience of agroecosystems to climate change. It is strategically crucial to identify farming systems that have successfully endured …

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Methodological Approaches to Assess the Resilience of Farming Systems to Climate Change: Examples from Latin America

Clara I. Nicholls, Ángel Salazar-Rojas, Luis L. Vázquez, René Montalba et autres

The unpredictability, increasing frequency and severity of extreme climatic events, is forcing researchers and farmers to urgently develop adaptation practices to enhance the resilience of agroecosystems to climate change. The identification of farming systems that have withstood recent climatic events and understanding …

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Agroecology and the limits to resilience: extending the adaptation capacity of agroecosystems to drought

Miguel A. Altieri, Clara I. Nicholls, René Montalba, Lorena Vieli et autres

Given the unpredictability, increasing frequency and severity of climatic events, it is crucial to determine the adaptation limits of agroecological strategies adopted by farmers in a range of environments. In times of drought many smallholders’ farmers cope with stress using a series …

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Advancing towards an understanding of the relationship between culture and agrobiodiversity. A case study in Mapuche territory, southern Chile

Florencia Spirito, Lorena Vieli, René Montalba

Biocultural diversity embraces the dynamic, place-based and complex relationship between biological and cultural diversity. Several studies describe a direct, positive relationship between biological and cultural diversity; however, this relationship is usually entwined within a particular socio-ecological context. We explored the relationship between …

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Environmental and productive performance of different blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L.) production regimes: Conventional, organic, and agroecological

René Montalba, Lorena Vieli, Florencia Spirito, Edmundo Muñoz

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Análisis de la polinización en el cultivo de arándano alto (Vaccinium corymbosum)

Lorena Vieli, René Montalba

Crop pollination has been conventionally managed based in one or two pollinator species.From an agroecological perspective, crop pollination management should integrate variablesfrom the landscape, local diversity and horticultural practices. In this work the effect of organicvs. conventional management in pollinator abundances is …

DETERMINACIÓN DE LAS FUERZAS CONDUCTORAS DE LA TRANSFORMACIÓN AMBIENTAL DE LA ARAUCANÍA CHILENA: EL “PAISAJE CULTURAL” COMO MARCO DE ANÁLISIS

René Montalba, Lorena Vieli, Arturo Vallejos-Romero, Hugo Marcelo Zunino et autres

El artículo propone el concepto de paisaje cultural como una perspectiva holística de análisis de procesos de transformación del paisaje.Para ello se utilizó como caso de estudio el proceso de degradación ambiental de la región de La Araucanía (Chile).Se esclarecieron las motivaciones …

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Agroecology in Chile: precursors, pioneers, and their legacy

René Montalba, Agustín Infante, Aliro Contreras, Lorena Vieli

In Chile, as in many other parts of the world, agroecology was first developed from studies on traditional agricultural systems. In the late1970s and early 1980s, when a large portion of Chilean population was under high poverty, the first notions for agroecological …

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Technological Approaches to Sustainable Agriculture at a Crossroads: An Agroecological Perspective

Miguel A. Altieri, Clara I. Nicholls, René Montalba

Most efforts to improve agricultural production remain focused on practices driven by an intensification agenda and not by an agroecological one. Agroecology transcends the reformist notion of organic agriculture and sustainable intensification proponents who contend that changes can be achieved within the …

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