B. K. Spears

Generalized graph foundation models as versatile data-driven digital twins for complex technological systems

Benjamin G. Pierce, Hein Htet Aung, Thomas G. Ciardi, Kristen J. Hernandez et autres

Digital twins are comprised of computational models that mimic the 'as built' characteristics of devices, systems, and networks of systems whose performance in the real world warrants quantitative and critical assessment.The literature on constructing digital twins is historically focused around task-specific, physics-based …

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Early science acceleration experiments with GPT-5

Sébastien Bubeck, Christian Coester, Ronen Eldan, Timothy Gowers et autres

AI models like GPT-5 are an increasingly valuable tool for scientists, but many remain unaware of the capabilities of frontier AI. We present a collection of short case studies in which GPT-5 produced new, concrete steps in ongoing research across mathematics, physics, …

Predicting fusion ignition at the National Ignition Facility with physics-informed deep learning

B. K. Spears, Scott T. Brandon, D. T. Casey, J. E. Field et autres

An inertial confinement fusion experiment, carried out at the National Ignition Facility, has achieved ignition by generating fusion energy exceeding the laser energy that drove the experiment. Prior to the experiment, a generative machine learning model that combines radiation hydrodynamics simulations, deep …

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On the design and evaluation of generative models in high energy density physics

Ankita Shukla, Yamen Mubarka, Rushil Anirudh, Eugene Kur et autres

Understanding high energy density physics (HEDP) is critical for advancements in fusion energy and astrophysics. The computational demands of the computer models used for HEDP studies have led researchers to explore deep learning methods to enhance simulation efficiency. This paper introduces HEDP-Gen, …

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Present understanding of ignition and gain using indirect-drive inertial confinement fusion target designs on the U.S. National Ignition Facility

O. A. Hurricane, Anthony Allen, B. Bachmann, K. L. Baker et autres

Abstract For many decades, the running joke in fusion research has been that ‘fusion’ is thirty years away and always will be. Yet, these past few years we find ourselves in a position where we can now talk about the milestones of …

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Data-driven prediction of scaling and ignition of inertial confinement fusion experiments

Jim Gaffney, Kelli Humbird, A. L. Kritcher, Michael Kruse et autres

Recent advances in inertial confinement fusion (ICF) at the National Ignition Facility (NIF), including ignition and energy gain, are enabled by a close coupling between experiments and high-fidelity simulations. Neither simulations nor experiments can fully constrain the behavior of ICF implosions on …

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Toward digital design at the exascale: An overview of project ICECap

J. L. Peterson, Timothy Arthur Bender, Robert Blake, Nai-Yuan Chiang et autres

High performance computing has entered the Exascale Age. Capable of performing over 1018 floating point operations per second, exascale computers, such as El Capitan, the National Nuclear Security Administration's first, have the potential to revolutionize the detailed in-depth study of highly complex …

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The impact of low-mode symmetry on inertial fusion energy output in the burning plasma state

J. E. Ralph, J. S. Ross, Alex B. Zylstra, A. L. Kritcher et autres

Indirect Drive Inertial Confinement Fusion Experiments on the National Ignition Facility (NIF) have achieved a burning plasma state with neutron yields exceeding 170 kJ, roughly 3 times the prior record and a necessary stage for igniting plasmas. The results are achieved despite …

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The impact of low-mode symmetry on inertial fusion energy output in the burning plasma state

J. E. Ralph, J. S. Ross, Alex B. Zylstra, A. L. Kritcher et autres

Abstract Indirect Drive Inertial Confinement Fusion Experiments on the National Ignition Facility (NIF) have achieved a burning plasma state with neutron yields exceeding 170 kJ1, 2 , roughly 3 times the prior record and a necessary stage for igniting plasmas. The results …

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Assembly of high-Areal-Density Deuterium-Tritium fuel from indirectly driven cryogenic implosions

A. J. Mackinnon, John L. Kline, S. N. Dixit, S. Glenzer et autres

The National Ignition Facility has been used to compress deuterium-tritium to an average areal density of ∼1.0±0.1gcm -2, which is 67% of the ignition requirement. These conditions were obtained using 192 laser beams with total energy of 1-1.6 MJ and peak power …

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Correlations between asymmetric compression, burn amplification, and hot-spot velocities in inertial confinement fusion implosions

R. Nora, N. Birge, D. T. Casey, C. R. Danly et autres

This manuscript examines the correlations between the hot-spot velocity (an observable signature of residual kinetic energy), low-mode implosion asymmetries, and burn amplification in inertial confinement fusion implosions on the National Ignition Facility (NIF). Using a combination of two-dimensional axis-symmetric and three-dimensional radiation-hydrodynamic …

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2022 Review of Data-Driven Plasma Science

Rushil Anirudh, Muhammad Salman Asif, Markus M. Becker, S. Benkadda et autres

Data-driven science and technology offer transformative tools and methods to science. This review article highlights the latest development and progress in the interdisciplinary field of data-driven plasma science (DDPS), i.e., plasma science whose progress is driven strongly by data and data analyses. …

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