Michael J. Mumma

The chemical composition of CO-rich comet C/2023 H2 (Lemmon)

Manuela Lippi, Léa Ferellec, C. Opitom, Sara Faggi et autres

Aims. We report on the composition of comet C/2023 H2 (Lemmon) (hereafter C/2023 H2) as measured with CRIRES+ at VLT/ESO, under the Director Discretionary Time program: 2112.C-5015. Methods. We observed C/2023 H2 between November 24 and 27, 2023, after perihelion and during …

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Unveiling the Chemical Origins of the Solar System through Ground-Based Infrared Spectroscopy of Comets

Manuela Lippi, L. Podio, C. Codella, Sara Faggi et autres

The composition of comets provides key insights into the physical, chemical, and evolutionary processes that shaped our and other planetary systems [1]. Furthermore, it can reveal whether the material in our Solar System was primarily inherited from the proto-solar nebula or reprocessed …

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The Ice Chemistry in Comets and Planet-forming Disks: Statistical Comparison of CH3OH, H2CO, and NH3 Abundance Ratios

Manuela Lippi, L. Podio, C. Codella, Sara Faggi et autres

Abstract Comets are frozen remnants of our solar system’s formation, and comparing their chemical composition to that of planet-forming systems can reveal crucial insights about our origins, potentially answering one of the most challenging questions in planetary science, i.e., whether cometary material …

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The volatile composition of C/2021 A1 (Leonard): Comparison between infrared and UV-optical measurements

Manuela Lippi, Mathieu Vander Donckt, Sara Faggi, Youssef Moulane et autres

Aims. We report on the composition of comet C/2021 A1 (Leonard) as measured by CRIRES+, the upgraded high resolution infrared echelle spectrometer of VLT/ESO. We compare our results with those obtained in the near-UV-visible using TRAPPIST-South. Methods. C/2021 A1 (Leonard) was observed …

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Strongly Depleted Methanol and Hypervolatiles in Comet C/2021 A1 (Leonard): Signatures of Interstellar Chemistry?

Sara Faggi, Manuela Lippi, Michael J. Mumma, Geronimo Luis Villanueva

Abstract We measured the chemical composition of comet C/2021 A1 (Leonard) using the long-slit echelle grating spectrograph iSHELL/IRTF on 2021 December 20 and on 2022 January 8 and 9. We sampled 11 primary volatiles (H2O, HCN, NH3, CO, C2H2, C2H6, CH4, CH3OH, …

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Global maps of H2O, HCl and isotopic signatures in the Martian atmosphere: synergies between NASA/IRTF and TGO/ExoMars observations.

Sara Faggi, Shohei Aoki, Giuliano Liuzzi, Hideo Sagawa et autres

The first detection of HCl in the atmosphere of Mars was recently achieved by the IR spectrometers (ACS and NOMAD) onboard the ExoMars Trace Gas Orbiter (TGO), revealing the presence of chlorine species in the Martian atmosphere. The two instruments report HCl …

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Measurements of water and its D/H as released from both Martian polar caps

Geronimo Luis Villanueva, Giuliano Liuzzi, Shohei Aoki, Shane Wesley Stone et autres

Introduction The large enrichments of D/H currently measured in atmospheric water suggest that a large fraction, beyond 80%, of this water was lost over time1,2, and Ar and O isotopic ratios measured with MAVEN3 and TGO4 indicate Mars has lost a large …

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The Deuterium Isotopic Ratio of Water Released From the Martian Caps as Measured With TGO/NOMAD

Geronimo Luis Villanueva, Giuliano Liuzzi, Shohei Aoki, Shane Wesley Stone et autres

Abstract We report vertical profiles of water and D/H for one Martian year as measured with the TGO/NOMAD instrument. The observations were performed via solar occultation, providing water profiles up to ∼100 km and D/H up to ∼60 km, with a vertical …

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Explaining NOMAD D/H Observations by Cloud‐Induced Fractionation of Water Vapor on Mars

Frank W. Daerden, Lori Neary, Geronimo Luis Villanueva, Giuliano Liuzzi et autres

Abstract The vertical profiles of water vapor and its semi‐heavy hydrogen isotope HDO provided by instruments on ExoMars Trace Gas Orbiter constitute a unique new data set to understand the Martian water cycle including its isotopic composition. As water vapor undergoes hydrogen …

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A Global and Seasonal Perspective of Martian Water Vapor From ExoMars/NOMAD

Matteo M. J. Crismani, Geronimo Luis Villanueva, Giuliano Liuzzi, Michael D. Smith et autres

Abstract Slightly less than a Martian Year of nominal science (March 2018–January 2020) with the ExoMars Trace Gas Orbiter has furthered the ongoing investigation of dayside water vapor column abundance. These dayside observations span latitudes between 75°S and 75°N, and all longitudes, …

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The Extraordinary Passage of Comet C/2020 F3 NEOWISE: Evidence for Heterogeneous Chemical Inventory in Its Nucleus

Sara Faggi, Manuela Lippi, Maria Camarca, Cam Buzard et autres

Abstract Upon its discovery in 2020 March, we requested Director Discretionary Time (DDT) at the NASA/IRTF facility to observe comet C/2020 F3 (NEOWISE), with the high-resolution spectrograph iSHELL. The comet approached the Sun, down to 0.3 au, in early 2020 July, providing …

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Mapping of Methane and Water on Mars during mid-Northern Winter and early Northern Spring (M.Y. 35/36)

R. E. Novak, Michael J. Mumma