Sonja Rittchen

Targeting pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2) reduces T cell pathogenicity in multiple sclerosis

Elena Ellmeier, Alyssa Schnabl, Julia Meissel, Anika Stracke et autres

BACKGROUND: Pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2) is an enzyme with moonlighting activities that controls murine T cell pro-inflammatory potential in a mouse model of multiple sclerosis (MS). However, no study analysed in detail the expression of PKM2 in human T cell subsets, and …

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Effector–host interactome map links type III secretion systems in healthy gut microbiomes to immune modulation

Veronika Young, Bushra Dohai, Hridi Halder, Jaime Fernandez-Macgregor et autres

Pseudomonadota (formerly Proteobacteria) are prevalent in the commensal human gut microbiota, but also include many pathogens that rely on secretion systems to support pathogenicity by injecting proteins into host cells. Here we show that 80% of Pseudomonadota from healthy gut microbiomes also …

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Metabolic adaptation of glucose-deprived macrophages involves partial gluconeogenesis

Katharina Schindlmaier, Theresa Haitzmann, Visnja Bubalo, Barbara Konrad et autres

Macrophages are recruited to sites of infection contributing to the killing of bacteria, but also to malignant tumors, where they promote angiogenesis and suppress antitumor immune responses. The metabolic microenvironment in tumors is frequently depleted of important nutrients such as glucose. Here, …

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Dual therapy with corticosteroid ablates the beneficial effect of DP2 antagonism in chronic experimental asthma

Md Ashik Ullah, Sonja Rittchen, Jia Li, Bodie F. Curren et autres

Prostaglandin D2 (PGD2) signals via the DP1 and DP2 receptors. In Phase II trials, DP2 antagonism decreased airway inflammation and airway smooth muscle (ASM) area in moderate-to-severe asthma patients. However, in Phase III, DP2 antagonism failed to lower the rate of exacerbations, …

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The disrupted molecular circadian clock of monocytes and macrophages in allergic inflammation

Julia Teppan, Juliana Schwanzer, Sonja Rittchen, Thomas Bärnthaler et autres

Introduction Macrophage dysfunction is a common feature of inflammatory disorders such as asthma, which is characterized by a strong circadian rhythm. Methods and results We monitored the protein expression pattern of the molecular circadian clock in human peripheral blood monocytes from healthy, …

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Liver X receptor activation mitigates oxysterol-induced dysfunction in fetoplacental endothelial cells

Meekha George, Hanna Helene Allerkamp, Zhanat Koshenov, Furkan Enes Oflaz et autres

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Dual therapy with corticosteroid ablates the beneficial effect of DP2 antagonism in chronic experimental asthma

Md Ashik Ullah, Sonja Rittchen, Jia Li, Bodie F. Curren et autres

ABSTRACT Background Prostaglandin D2 (PGD2) signals via the DP1 and DP2 receptors. In Phase II trials, DP2 antagonism decreased airway inflammation and airway smooth muscle (ASM) area in patients with moderate-to-severe asthma, but in the Phase III clinical trials, DP2 antagonism failed …

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Cannabinoids Reduce Melanoma Cell Viability and Do Not Interfere with Commonly Used Targeted Therapy in Metastatic Melanoma In Vivo and In Vitro

Georg Richtig, Melanie Kienzl, Sonja Rittchen, David Roula et autres

Background: Cannabinoids are mainly used for recreational purposes, but also made their way into oncology, since these substances can be taken to increase appetite in tumour cachexia. Since there are some hints in the literature that cannabinoids might have some anti-cancerous effects, …

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Divergent Roles of Ephrin-B2/EphB4 Guidance System in Pulmonary Hypertension

Slaven Crnković, Sonja Rittchen, Katharina Jandl, Juergen Gindlhuber et autres

BACKGROUND: Smooth muscle cell (SMC) expansion is one key morphological hallmark of pathologically altered vasculature and a characteristic feature of pulmonary vascular remodeling in pulmonary hypertension. Normal embryonal vessel maturation requires successful coverage of endothelial tubes with SMC, which is dependent on …

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The ephrin-b2/EphB4 guidance system in pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells plays a central role in adult vascular remodeling

Sonja Rittchen, Slaven Crnković, Katharina Jandl, Diana Zabini et autres

Pulmonary artery smooth muscle cell (PASMC) expansion is one key morphological hallmark of pathologically altered vasculature in pulmonary hypertension (PH). Normal embryonal vessel maturation requires successful coverage of endothelial tubes with SMC, which is dependent on ephrin-b2 and EphB4 ligand-receptor guidance system. …

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Targeting the P2Y13 Receptor Suppresses IL-33 and HMGB1 Release and Ameliorates Experimental Asthma

Rhiannon B. Werder, Md Ashik Ullah, Muhammed Mahfuzur Rahman, Jennifer Simpson et autres

Abstract Rationale The alarmins IL-33 and HMGB1 (high mobility group box 1) contribute to type 2 inflammation and asthma pathogenesis. Objectives To determine whether P2Y13-R (P2Y13 receptor), a purinergic GPCR (G protein–coupled receptor) and risk allele for asthma, regulates the release of …

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SUCNR1 Is Expressed in Human Placenta and Mediates Angiogenesis: Significance in Gestational Diabetes

Reham Atallah, Juergen Gindlhuber, Wolfgang Platzer, Thomas Bärnthaler et autres

Placental hypervascularization has been reported in pregnancy-related pathologies such as gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Nevertheless, the underlying causes behind this abnormality are not well understood. In this study, we addressed the expression of SUCNR1 (cognate succinate receptor) in human placental endothelial cells …

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