John M. Terhune

Effect of Duty Cycle Composition of Intermittent Sound on Temporary Hearing Threshold Shift in a Harbor Porpoise (Phocoena phocoena)

Ronald A. Kastelein, Laura Van Acoleyen, Kimberly Tuytens, John M. Terhune et autres

Temporary hearing threshold shift (TTS) in mammals depends on aspects of the fatiguing sound causing the shift: frequency, sound pressure level (SPL), exposure duration, and duty cycle (DC). Intermittent fatiguing sounds consist of pulses alternating with inter-pulse intervals (IPIs). With ambient noise …

Reducing Fisheries Bycatch: Behavioral Responses of a Harbor Porpoise (Phocoena phocoena) in a Pool to the Sounds of a “Banana Pinger”

Ron A. Kastelein, Lean Hoek, Marije L. Siemensma, John M. Terhune et autres

The effect of a pinger designed to reduce cetacean bycatch in fisheries on the behavior of a harbor porpoise was quantified through exposure experiments in a pool. The “banana pinger” (Fishtek Marine Ltd.) sounds were comprised of signal blocks (duration ~0.5 s), …

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By Lifting Their Heads Above Water, Harbor Seals (Phoca vitulina) Can Reduce Their Exposure to Underwater Sounds Below 8 kHz

Ronald A. Kastelein, Lean Helder-Hoek, Laura Van Acoleyen, John M. Terhune et autres

High-amplitude anthropogenic sounds may result in hearing damage in marine mammals that are under water and close to the sound source. Most energy in anthropogenic sound is < 4 kHz. In the wild, harbor seals (Phoca vitulina) often rest while “bottling” with …

Temporal Variability in Call Rates of Weddell ( Leptonychotes weddellii ) and Leopard ( Hydrurga leptonyx ) Seals Near Davis Station, East Antarctica

Emma A. Simmonds, John M. Terhune, Brian Miller, John van den Hoff

ABSTRACT We investigated Weddell seal ( Leptonychotes weddellii ) and leopard seal ( Hydrurga leptonyx ) vocalizations using passive acoustic monitoring beneath landfast ice and open water, 5.6 km seaward from Davis Station, East Antarctica. Eight‐minute recordings were manually sampled at 1 …

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Effect of Impact Pile-Driving Playback Sound on Harbor Seal (Phoca vitulina) Behavior: Dose-Response Relationship and Frequency Weighting

Ronald A. Kastelein, Christ A. F. de Jong, Lean Helder-Hoek, Linde N. Defillet et autres

Two experiments were conducted to quantify the behavioral response of harbor seals (Phoca vitulina) to impulsive underwater sounds as produced during impact pile driving for offshore wind turbines. In Experiment 1 (dose-response relationship), two female harbor seals in a quiet pool were …

Critical Ratio Measurements Can be Used to Assess Effective Quiet Thresholds in Harbor Seals, Harbor Porpoises, and California Sea Lions

John M. Terhune, Ronald A. Kastelein

Effective quiet is a sound pressure level (SPL) that will never cause temporary hearing threshold shifts (TTSs), even after long exposures. TTS is typically measured after the end of a fatiguing sound exposure when some recovery may have occurred during the threshold …

Similar Hearing Thresholds at 8 kHz, but Dissimilar Susceptibility of Hearing to Damage by 8 kHz Sounds in a Harbor Porpoise, a Harbor Seal, and a California Sea Lion

Ronald A. Kastelein, Nancy Jennings, John M. Terhune

For each mammalian species, the pattern of susceptibility to temporary hearing threshold shift (TTS) with changing frequency has been assumed to be related to the pattern of hearing thresholds with changing frequency (the basic audiogram). This relationship was tested with one individual …

Temporary Hearing Threshold Shift and Testing the Equal-Energy Hypothesis in Harbor Seals (Phoca vitulina) After Exposure to a One-Sixth-Octave Noise Band Centered at 8 kHz

Ronald A. Kastelein, Lean Helder-Hoek, Laura Van Acoleyen, John M. Terhune

Susceptibility to temporary hearing threshold shift (TTS) in harbor seals (Phoca vitulina) depends, in part, on the frequency of the fatiguing sound (the sound causing the shift). The TTS induced and the pattern of hearing recovery were documented in two female harbor …

Temporary Hearing Threshold Shift in California Sea Lions (Zalophus californianus) Due to a Noise Band Centered at 40 kHz and Comparison with Shifts Due to Lower-Frequency Sounds

Ronald A. Kastelein, Lean Helder-Hoek, Laura Van Acoleyen, Linde N. Defillet et autres

California sea lions (Zalophus californianus) exposed to anthropogenic noise may experience temporary hearing threshold shift (TTS). The function used in regulations to protect their hearing from such damage in the Pacific Ocean is based on only one datapoint, so more data are …

Quantifying Sound Exposure in a Pool: Comparing Hydrophones on a Grid with a Sound-Recording Tag on a California Sea Lion (Zalophus californianus)

Ronald A. Kastelein, Laura Van Acoleyen, Kimberly Tuytens, Erwin Jansen et autres

Investigating anthropogenic acoustic disturbance and sound exposure in marine mammals requires evaluation of experimental approaches used to measure the sound levels experienced by the subjects. In previous research, exposure of California sea lions (Zalophus californianus) to eight narrow noise bands was estimated …

Temporary Hearing Threshold Shift and Testing the Equal-Energy Hypothesis in a Harbor Porpoise (Phocoena phocoena) After Exposure to a Continuous Noise Band at 8 kHz, and a Revised TTS-Onset Function

Ronald A. Kastelein, Lean Helder-Hoek, Laura Van Acoleyen, Linde N. Defillet et autres

Susceptibility to temporary hearing threshold shifts (TTS) in harbor porpoises (Phocoena phocoena) depends in part on the frequency of the fatiguing sound (the sound causing the shift). The TTS induced and the pattern of recovery were documented in a female porpoise after …

Temporary Hearing Threshold Shift in California Sea Lions (Zalophus californianus) Due to a Noise Band Centered at 32 kHz

Ronald A. Kastelein, Lean Helder-Hoek, Laura Van Acoleyen, Linde N. Defillet et autres

To determine their frequency-dependent susceptibility to noise-induced temporary hearing threshold shift (TTS), two California sea lions (Zalophus californianus) were exposed for 60 min to a continuous one-sixth-octave noise band (NB) centered at 32 kHz as the fatiguing sound, at sound pressure levels …

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