Alexander C. Schmidt

Associations Between QuantiFERON-TB Gold Plus IFNγ Concentrations and Progression to Symptomatic Tuberculosis in Global High-Burden TB Settings

Justine Sunshine, Michael Shaffer, Linda L Han, Deepali Gaikwad et autres

Abstract Background Predictive biomarkers for symptomatic tuberculosis (TB) progression would transform targeted prevention efforts. Although interferon-gamma release assays (IGRAs), including QuantiFERON® TB-Gold Plus (QFT-Plus), have been studied for this purpose, systematic evaluation of the QFT-Plus TB1 and TB2 Interferon-Gamma (IFNγ) concentrations remains …

pt, in, Mozambique, us, id, Afrique du Sud, pe, Zambie, Maroc, Kenya, jp, bd, Gambie, gb, Ouganda, kh, vn (code pays fourni par la source)

BCG Revaccination for the Prevention of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection

Alexander C. Schmidt, Lee Fairlie, Elizabeth Hellström, Angelique Luabeya Kany Kany et autres

Background In a previous phase 2 trial, bacille Calmette–Guérin (BCG) revaccination was not shown to provide protection from primary Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection but prevented sustained M. tuberculosis infection, defined by an initial conversion on a QuantiFERON-TB (QFT) test (an interferon- γ release …

us, Afrique du Sud (code pays fourni par la source)

Data-driven epidemiologic approach to conducting site feasibility for a global phase III tuberculosis vaccine clinical trial

Wai-Ling Mui, Falgunee K. Parekh, Ashley S. Tseng, J. Toro et autres

An efficacious tuberculosis (TB) vaccine is critical to reducing the global burden of TB. TB vaccine trials require the identification of multiple sites globally that have both a high incidence of TB and the capacity to conduct a clinical trial. To expand …

us (code pays fourni par la source)

Human parainfluenza virus type 2 V protein inhibits interferon production and signaling and is required for replication in non-human primates

Peter L. Collins, Machiko Nishio, Raymond J. Pickles, Nicolaas Schaap et autres

In wild-type human parainfluenza virus type 2 (WT HPIV2), one gene (the P/V gene) encodes both the polymerase-associated phosphoprotein (P) and the accessory V protein. We generated a HPIV2 virus (rHPIV2-Vko) in which the P/V gene encodes only the P protein to …

Human parainfluenza virus serotypes differ in their kinetics of replication and cytokine secretion in human tracheobronchial airway epithelium

Alexander C. Schmidt, Margaret A. Scull, Rachael M. Liesman, Raymond J. Pickles et autres

Human parainfluenza viruses (PIVs) cause acute respiratory illness in children, the elderly, and immunocompromised patients. PIV3 is a common cause of bronchiolitis and pneumonia, whereas PIV1 and 2 are frequent causes of upper respiratory tract illness and croup. To assess how PIV1, …

Growth restriction of an experimental live attenuated human parainfluenza virus type 2 vaccine in human ciliated airway epithelium in vitro parallels attenuation in African green monkeys

Alexander C. Schmidt, Raymond J. Pickles, Margaret A. Scull, Nicolaas Schaap et autres

Human parainfluenza viruses (HPIVs) are common causes of severe pediatric respiratory viral disease. We characterized wild-type HPIV2 infection in an in vitro model of human airway epithelium (HAE) and found that the virus replicates to high titer, sheds apically, targets ciliated cells, …

Human parainfluenza virus serotypes differ in their kinetics of replication and cytokine secretion in human tracheobronchial airway epithelium

Nicolaas Schaap, Rachael M. Liesman, Peter L. Collins, Margaret A. Scull et autres

Human parainfluenza viruses (PIVs) cause acute respiratory illness in children, the elderly, and immunocompromised patients. PIV3 is a common cause of bronchiolitis and pneumonia, whereas PIV1 and 2 are frequent causes of upper respiratory tract illness and croup. To assess how PIV1, …