Raymond J. O’Connor

Navigating the benefits and harms of GLP-1 and GLP-1/GIP agonists in obesity

Raymond J. O’Connor

Obesity is becoming increasingly common worldwide. Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1 RA) type drugs have the potential to help patients achieve considerable weight loss. Several benefits have been described in the short term, especially relating to diseases associated with obesity, where rapid …

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Effects of anthropogenic noise on marine mammal abundances informed by mixed methods

Raymond J. O’Connor, Nicole M. Ardoin, Giulio A. De Leo

This mixed-methods study examined the decline of a Harbor Seal ( Phoca vitulina ) colony’s abundance in Pacific Grove, California, USA, documented by community scientists. We combined generalized additive modeling (GAM) of abundance trends from 2003 to 2023 with qualitative analysis of …

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Models of Adaptive Behaviour: an Approach Based on State (review)

Raymond J. O’Connor

Sustainable protocol-based management of hypertension in one institution in northern Malawi

Gwonde Hastings, Raymond J. O’Connor, Meadhbh Hunt, Peter de B. Harrington et autres

INTRODUCTION: Across all WHO regions, Africa has the highest prevalence of hypertension with 46% of the population >25 years estimated to be hypertensive. Blood pressure (BP) control is poor, with <40% of hypertensives diagnosed, <30% of those diagnosed receiving medical treatment, and …

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How often do patients attend general practice, how often are they referred to hospital, and how do multi-morbidity and polypharmacy affect general practice attendance and referral rates?

Liam Glynn, Vikram Niranjamn, Raymond J. O’Connor, Ailish Hannigan

BACKGROUND: As prevalence of multimorbidity and polypharmacy rise, healthcare systems must respond to these challenges. Data are needed from general practice on specific metrics of healthcare utilisation. This research aims to establish the rates of attendance to general practice and referral to …

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Prediction of 24-hour milk yield and composition in dairy cows from a single part-day yield and sample

S. McParland, B. Coughlan, Bernard Enright, Majella O’Keeffe et autres

Abstract The objective was to evaluate the accuracy of predicting 24-hour milk yield and composition from a single morning (AM) or evening (PM) milk weight and composition. A calibration dataset of 37,481 test-day records with both AM and PM yields and composition …

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Dispersal leads to spatial autocorrelation in species distributions: A simulation model

Volker Bahn, William B. Krohn, Raymond J. O’Connor

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Does ecosystem size determine aquatic bacteria richness? Reply

Isabel Reche, J.C. Meyran, Antoine Lecerf, Graham E. Forrester et autres

With the advent of DNA-based molecular technologies, microbial ecologists now have the tools to test whether general ecological patterns apply to microorganisms. In this study, we selected 11 high-mountain lakes from Sierra Nevada (Spain) to test the predictions of island-biogeography theory in …

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Importance of spatial autocorrelation in modeling bird distributions at a continental scale

Volker Bahn, Raymond J. O’Connor, William B. Krohn

Spatial autocorrelation in species’ distributions has been recognized as inflating the probability of a type I error in hypotheses tests, causing biases in variable selection, and violating the assumption of independence of error terms in models such as correlation or regression. However, …

PREDICTING EXTINCTIONS AS A RESULT OF CLIMATE CHANGE

Mark W. Schwartz, Louis R. Iverson, Anantha Prasad, Stephen N. Matthews et autres

Widespread extinction is a predicted ecological consequence of global warming. Extinction risk under climate change scenarios is a function of distribution breadth. Focusing on trees and birds of the eastern United States, we used joint climate and environment models to examine fit …

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Effect of dispersal at range edges on the structure of species ranges

Volker Bahn, Raymond J. O’Connor, William B. Krohn

Range edges are of particular interest to ecology because they hold key insights into the limits of the realized niche and associated population dynamics. A recent feature of Oikos summarized the state of the art on range edge ecology. While the typical …

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Case Study Part 2: Probabilistic Modelling of Long-term Effects of Pesticides on Individual Breeding Success in Birds and Mammals

Willem Roelofs, D.R. Crocker, Richard F. Shore, Dwayne R. J. Moore et autres

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