Vitaly V. Ganusov

Machine learning-based feature selection suggests circulating proteins as best at predicting and diagnosing tuberculosis in Mycobacterium tuberculosis-exposed rhesus macaques

Taylor A. L. Woodard, Smriti Mehra, Deepak Kaushal, Vitaly V. Ganusov

(Mtb), bacteria causing tuberculosis (TB), is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Even though billions of individuals have evidence of past or present Mtb infection and millions develop TB yearly, most individuals exposed to Mtb do not progress to TB …

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Apparent cooperativity between human CMV virions introduces errors in conventional methods of calculating multiplicity of infection

Christopher Peterson, Joshua Miller, Brent J. Ryckman, Vitaly V. Ganusov

Abstract Whether infection of cells by individual virions occurs randomly or if there is some form(s) of competition or cooperativity between individual virions remains largely unknown for most virus-cell associations. Here we studied cooperativity/competition for three different strains of human cytomegalovirus ( …

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Data selection choices influence the inferred movement patterns of Plasmodium sporozoites in skin

Sayantan Biswas, E Soto Hurtado, Vitaly V. Ganusov

Abstract Motility of Plasmodium sporozoites ( SPZs ) in the skin is a key determinant of successful host infection. Earlier studies have described rapid movement of both murine and human SPZs in skin following syringe inoculation. It is typical to classify SPZ …

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Monocytic niches escape T cell surveillance and promote Mycobacterium tuberculosis persistence in lymph nodes

Elya A. Shamskhou, Fergal J. Duffy, Lauren Cross, Courtney R. Plumlee et autres

Lung-draining mediastinal lymph nodes (medLNs) are critical for Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) pathogenesis, serving both as sites of T cell priming and, paradoxically, reservoirs for long-term bacterial persistence. To understand this dichotomy, we examined myeloid and CD4 + T cell dynamics in medLNs …

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Reviewer #2 (Public review): Apparent cooperativity between human CMV virions introduces errors in conventional methods of calculating multiplicity of infection

Christopher Peterson, Joshua Miller, Brent J. Ryckman, Vitaly V. Ganusov

Whether infection of cells by individual virions occurs randomly or if there is some form(s) of competition or cooperativity between individual virions remains largely unknown for most virus-cell associations. Here we studied cooperativity/competition for three different strains of human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) on …

Immortal genome assumption significantly underestimates replication and death rates of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in mice and monkeys

A Friesen, Vitaly V. Ganusov

ABSTRACT Immune correlates of protection against infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) or against tuberculosis (TB) remain poorly defined. The ratio of colony-forming units (CFUs) to chromosomal equivalents (CEQs), Z = CFUs/CEQs , recovered either from the whole lung (mice) or individual lesions …

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Potential limitations of community-wide strategy to treat Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection

Saikat Batabyal, Kevin Urdahl, Vitaly V. Ganusov

) detected as TST or IGRA positivity. Community-based preventive treatment of individuals with MTBI has resulted in transient decreases in TB cases, but its long-term effectiveness has been controversial. Due to the likelihood that many of those with immune responses to Mtb …

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Impact of the dose and the number of transmitted/founder viruses on SIV dynamics

Sunil Maity, Vitaly V. Ganusov

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Review of: "Vaccines, Revisited: The Case Against ‘Natural Immunity’"

Vitaly V. Ganusov

The author makes an argument that allowing individuals (e.g., children) to be exposed to infections to generate natural immunity has costs that often may be ignored, such as metabolic costs and potential impact on pre-existing immunity.The author argues that vaccines, especially mRNA-based …

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BCG vaccination reduces the rate of Mycobacterium tuberculosis dissemination between murine lungs

Dipanjan Chakraborty, Vitaly V. Ganusov

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BCG vaccination reduces the rate of Mycobacterium tuberculosis dissemination between murine lungs

Dipanjan Chakraborty, Vitaly V. Ganusov

); the authors found that BCG vaccination resulted in fewer infected mice, lower CFU lung burden, and more frequent unilateral lung infection. We have developed several mathematical models of Mtb dynamics and dissemination between murine right and left lungs and fit these …

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Mind the gap: Understanding discordance between culture- and a non-culture-based measure of bacterial burden in murine tuberculosis treatment models

Samuel T. Tabor, A Friesen, Matthew J. Reichlen, Christian Dide-Agossou et autres

ABSTRACT The standard pharmacodynamic marker in murine tuberculosis drug studies is colony-forming units ( CFU ). A faster PCR-based marker of bacterial burden is 16S rRNA. For unclear reasons, treatment reduces CFU more than 16S rRNA. We evaluated this CFU-16S gap and …

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